Renal System Flashcards
What is the urinary system made up of?
Two kidneys, two ureters, urinary bladder and the urethra.
What are 5 functions of the renal system?
To filter blood and convert the filtrate into urine Fluid balance Control ion balance# Maintain acid-base balance Regulate blood pressure
Where are the kidney’s?
In the posterior abdominal wall
left kidney > between the T12 and L3 veretebra
Right kidney > 2cm lower than the left
How many layers of the kidneys are there?
4
Fibrous capsule
Perinephric fat
Renal fascia
Perinephric fat
What is adipose connective tissue?
Fatty tissue
What are the two structures of nephron?
Renal corpuscle and renal tubule
What are the two structure of the renal corpuscle?
- Glomerulus
- Glomerular capsule
What are the 3 sections of the renal tubule?
- Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
- Nephron loop
- Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
Where does the majoirty of reabsorption happen? What is reabsorbed?
PCT
Urea, water, chloride, glucose, acid and bicarbonate.
Where does the last bit of reabsorption happen? What does it reabsorb?
DCT
It reabsorbs sodium and glucose
What is ADH? What is it’s purpose?
anti-diuretic hormone.
Causes the reabsorption of water. Identifies when there is high blood pressure, high blood volume and osmolality levels
Where and why is renin produced?
Put out by your kidneys when BP is too low
What do electrolytes do?
regulate fluid balance, oxygen delivery and acid-base balance
Why might electrolyte imbalance occur?
Excessive ingestion and from excessive elimination of an electrolyte
How is blood delivered to the kidneys?
Via the renal artery
