respiratory system

Question 1

define respiration

Answer 1

metabolic process
living cells obtain energy (in atp form)
take oxygen. release co2 from oxidation of organic substances

Question 2

what are the two types of respiration

Answer 2

aerobic and anaerobic

Question 3

in which type of respiration oxygen is utilized

Answer 3

aerobic

Question 4

how do two types of respiration compare in energy production

Answer 4

large amount of energy is produced in aerobic. less in anaerobic

Question 5

what kind of respiration is done by bacteria

Answer 5

during fermentation anaerbic

Question 6

what are the four stages of respiration in humans

Answer 6

external
exchange of gases
transportation of gases
cellular respiration

Question 7

what is external respiration

Answer 7

exchange of gases between environment and lungs

Question 8

what are the two processes of external respiration

Answer 8

inspiration and expiration

Question 9

which process of external respiration is active and which is passive

Answer 9

inspiration is active while expiration is passive

Question 10

which process of external respiration is longer

Answer 10

expiration takes 3 secs while inspiration 2 secs

Question 11

why does the gas in air filled alveoli transfers to blood flowing in capillaries

Answer 11

because of the partial pressure difference between them

Question 12

what is respiratory rate

Answer 12

number of inspirations or expirations per minute

Question 13

what is the average adult and infant respiratory rate

Answer 13

adult 12 to 14 per minute
infant 45 per minute

Question 14

how is the air exhaled amount measured

Answer 14

with a spirometer

Question 15

what is tidal volume

Answer 15

amount of air exhaled or inhaled during breathing is

Question 16

what is inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 16

during normal breathing
amount of air inhaled by putting extra effort other than tidal volume is called

Question 17

what is expiratory reserve volume

Answer 17

during normal breathing
amount of air exhaled by putting extra effort other than tidal volume is called

Question 18

what is vital lung capacity

Answer 18

after maximum expiration
by putting max effort in inspiration
amount is vital lung capacity

Question 19

what is residual volume

Answer 19

after maximum expiration
the amount of air left in the lungs(residual amount)
is called

Question 20

average tidal volume

Answer 20

500 ml

Question 21

average IRV

Answer 21

2500 to 3000 ml

Question 22

average ERV

Answer 22

1000 to 1200 ml

Question 23

average vital capacity

Answer 23

4600 ml

Question 24

average residual volume

Answer 24

1200 ml

Question 25

how is total lung capacity

Answer 25

residual volume (avg 1200 ml) + vital capacity of lungs (avg 4600 ml)= total lungs capacity (5800ml)

Question 26

exchange of gases between alveoli and capillaries is by what process

Answer 26

simple diffusion

Question 27

what is diffusion process

Answer 27

flow of gases from high to low concentration

Question 28

how is max oxygen transported in the body

Answer 28

by oxyhaemoglobin (97%)

Question 29

how many o2 molecules does one hoemoglobin carry

Answer 29

4

Question 30

how much oxygen in one gram of hemoglobin

Answer 30

1.34 ml

Question 31

how much hb is in 100 ml of blood

Answer 31

12-14 gm

therefore about 18 gms of o2

Question 32

how much o2 in 100 ml of blood

Answer 32

about 18 ml

Question 33

97 percent of o2 is transported by oxhaemoglobin. what about the remaining 3?

Answer 33

it is dissolved in plasma

Question 34

how is co2 is transported through the body

Answer 34

20 to 25 percent is carried by haemoglobin as carbamino haemoglobin and 7 percent through plasma
rest 70 percent is carried as bicarbonate

co2 plus h20 = h2co3

Question 35

co2 is carried through haemoglobin in the form of

Answer 35

carbamino haemoglobin

Question 36

if carbon monoxide were to react with haemoglobin instead of co2, what would it form

Answer 36

deadly thing called carboxyhaemoglobin

Question 37

why does carbon monoxide get carried through haemoglobin instead of oxygen if it is present

Answer 37

it is more stable than oxygen therefore sustains itself in the blood and slowly kills the person

Question 38

what is the full form of ATP

Answer 38

adenosine triphosphate

Question 39

what is cellular respiration

Answer 39

group of metabolic reactions in cells
breaking down organic substances and energy releasing
in form of ATP

Question 40

what are the two processes in cellular respiration

Answer 40

glycolysis and krebs cycle

Question 41

where does glycolysis take place

Answer 41

in cytoplasm

Question 42

in the two processes of cellular respiration which process uses oxygen

Answer 42

krebs cycle uses oxygen after glycolysis doesn’t use oxygen

Question 43

who many ATPs are gained in glycolysis

Answer 43

2

Question 44

what are the other names for krebs cycle

Answer 44

TCA cycle or citric cycle

Question 45

where does kerbs cycle take place

Answer 45

in mitochondria

Question 46

in which process of cellular respiration large amount of energy is produced

Answer 46

krebs cycle

Question 47

Define cytoplasm

Answer 47

Cytoplasm is the gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell. It is composed of water, salts, and various organic molecules. Some intracellular organelles, such the nucleus and mitochondria, are enclosed by membranes that separate them from the cytoplasm.