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⭐️raj vigya > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Who discovered the circulatory system

A

William Harvey

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2
Q

What does the circulatory system consist of

A

Heart blood and blood vessels

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3
Q

What is the study of heart called

A

Cardiology

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4
Q

What is the study of blood called

A

Angiology

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5
Q

What is the study of blood vessels is called

A

Haematology

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6
Q

How many chambers do fish hearts have

A

2

1 auricle and 1 ventricle

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7
Q

How many chambers do amphibians heart have

A

3

2 auricles and 1 ventricle

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8
Q

How many chambers do reptile hearts have?

A

4 (incomplete)

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9
Q

What are the upper and lower chambers of human heart is called

A

Upper chambers Auricles or atrium lower chamber ventricles

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10
Q

The war between right auricle and right ventricle is called

A

Tricuspid valve

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11
Q

The value between left Auricle and left ventricle is called

A

Bicuspid valve

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12
Q

The wall between right and left part of atrium is called

A

Interauricular septum

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13
Q

The wall between left and right part of ventricles is called

A

Interventricular septum

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14
Q

Which artery leaves the right ventricle

A

Pulmonary artery

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15
Q

Which artery leaves the left ventricle

A

Aorta

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16
Q

Name the four valves in human heart

A

Tricuspid
Bicuspid
Pulmonary
Aortic

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17
Q

Which valve in the human heart are semilunar in shape

A

Pulmonary and aortic

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18
Q

What is the membrane surrounding the heart called

A

Pericardial membrane

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19
Q

Pericardial membrane is filled with what fluid

A

Pericardial fluid

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20
Q

What protects the heart from external shocks

A

The pericardial membrane filled with pericardial fluid

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21
Q

The contraction of heart is called

A

Systole 

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22
Q

The relaxation of heart is called

A

Diastole

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23
Q

What is the full name of SA node 

A

sino auriclurar/atriatic

24
Q

Function of SA node

A

Generates impulses which leads to contraction of heart

25
Q

What is a pacemaker

A

SA node is referred to as a pace maker

Also heart of heart

26
Q

What happens if SA node is not working properly

A

Heart failure

27
Q

Where is AV node found?

A

Junction of atrium and ventricle

28
Q

Full form of AV node?

A

Atrio Ventricular node

29
Q

Define heart rate

A

Number of contraction and relaxation in one minute of heart is called heart rate

30
Q

The average heart rate of an infant baby

A

160 per minute

31
Q

What is the condition of increased heart rate called

A

Tachycardia

32
Q

Condition of a decreased heart rate is called

A

Bradycardia

33
Q

Duration of a cardiac cycle

A

0.8 sec

60/72=0.8

34
Q

What is a stroke volume

A

The amount of blood pumped by left ventricle in a single stroke

35
Q

What is cardiac output

A

The amount of blood pumped by left ventricle in one minute

36
Q

Formula for cardiac output

A

Stroke volume X heart rate

Eg
70 ml X 72= 5040 or 5.04 litres blood per minute

37
Q

What is the cause of a heart attack

A

If there is a blockage in coronary artery it disturbs the supply of blood to cardiac muscles which suddenly stop working and leads to heart-attack

38
Q

What does an electro cardiogram measures

A

The electrical activity of heart are the potential difference across cardiac muscle

39
Q

What produces the first heart sound of lubb?

A

Simultaneous closing of bicuspid and tricuspid valves

40
Q

What produces the second heartbeat sound dubb

A

The simultaneous closing of semilunar valves that is pulmonary and aortic

41
Q

When and by whom was the first successful cardiac transplant was performed

A

In 1967 by Dr Christian Bernard

42
Q

When and by whom was the first cardiac transplant in India was done

A

1994 third August Venugopal

43
Q

What do we mean by a Myogenic heart

A

The human heart is a Myogenic heart as it is managed by its own muscles this special muscle is SA node

44
Q

Artery versus Veins carrying blood to and from?

A

Artery blood from heart to organs

Veins blood from organs to heart

45
Q

What is the exception of arteries carry oxygenated blood

A

Pulmonary artery

46
Q

What is the exception to veins carry Deoxygenated blood

A

Pulmonary vein

47
Q

Difference between arteries and veins based on walls and lumen

A

Arteries thick walls and narrow lumen veins thin walls and broad lumens

48
Q

In what valves are present arteries or veins

A

Valves are present in arteries

49
Q

Define BP

A

During the flow of blood the force applied on the walls of arteries is called BP

50
Q

With what is a BP measured

A

Sphygmomanometer 

51
Q

What is systolic pressure?

A

Upper limit

Contraction of heart

52
Q

What is diastolic pressure?

A

Lower limit

Relaxation of heart

53
Q

Circulation chart of blood in human heart?

A

RA->RV->PA->lungs->PV->LA->LV->aorta->body->RA///

54
Q

Largest artery of body

A

Abdominal aorta

55
Q

Largest vein of body?

A

Inferior vena cava

⭐️raj vigya (23 decks)

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