human diseases Flashcards by N EI L S | Brainscape

Q

definition of health according to WHO

A

the state of complete physical, mental and social well being without any disease is called health

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Q

what is a disease

A

it is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects any organ of th body or whoke body structurally and funtionally

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Q

what is the study of diseases called

A

etiology

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Q

difference between etiology and epidemiology

A

etiology is the study of causes of diseases while study of spread of diseases is epidemiology

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Q

what are congenital diseases

A

diseases which are present by birth

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Q

what are the two types of acquired diseases

A

communicable and non communicable

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Q

important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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Q

important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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Q

important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code

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Q

important diseases transmitted through contaminated food or water

A

code CHAT PADDJ
cholera
hepatitis (a and e)
ascariasis
typhoid
polio
amoebasis
dysentery
diarrhoea
jaundice

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Q

what kind of hepatitis is caused by contaminated food or water

A

a and e

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Q

which are the diseases transmitted by touch

A

small pox
chicken pox
leprosy

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Q

which touch transmitted diseases has been eradicated from india

A

small pox and leprosy

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Q

what is the other name for stds

A

venereal diseases

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Q

name few major venereal diseases

A

aids
syphilis
genital warts
gonorrhoea
bacterial vaginosis
hepatitis b
leucorrhoea

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Q

which diseases are transmitted by contaminated blood

A

aids
hepatits b c and d
syphilis

all of these are also stds except hep c and d

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Q

which heptitis is transmitted through contaminated blood

A

b c and d

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Q

diseases transmitted through louse?

A

relapsing fever
trench fever

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Q

name the diseases transmitted by flea

A

typhus fever
plague (black death)

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Q

name the diseases transmitted by houseflies

A

typhoid, dysentry, diarrhoea, cholera

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Q

diseases transmitted by sandfly

A

kala azar

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Q

diseases transmitted by tsetse fly

A

sleeping sickness

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Q

malaria is caused by which mosquito

A

anopheles

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Q

japanese encephalitis is caused by which mosquito

A

culex mosquito

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Q

filaria (or lymphatic filarisis) is caused by

A

culex mosquito

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Q

dengue is caused by

A

aedes egypti mosquito

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Q

chikungunya is caused by

A

aedes egypti mosquito

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Q

yellow fever is caused by

A

aedes egypti mosquito

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Q

zika fever is caused by

A

aedes egypti mosquito

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Q

name the diseases caused by culex mosquito

A

japanese encephalitis and faliria

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Q

name the diseases transmitted by aedes agyptii mosquito

A

dengue
chikungunya
yellow fever
zika fever

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Q

name bacterial diseases

A

trick LDCP3T4GAS

leprosy
diptheria
cholera
pneumonia
plague
pertussis (whopping cough)
tetanus
tuberculosis
typhoid
trachoma
gonorrhoea
anthrax
syphilis

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Q

name the viral diseases

A

dengue
chikungunya
AIDS
hepatitis
polio
rabies
chicken pox
small pox
common cold
herpes
influenza
ebola
zika

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Q

name protozoan diseases

A

trick: KLAMPS
kala azar
leuccorhoea
amoebiasis
malaria
pyrrhoea
sleeping sickness

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Q

name fungal diseases

A

ring worm
athlete’s foot disease
madurai foot disease
aspergillosis (asthma)
baldness

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Q

name worm diseases aka helminthic or parasitic diseases

A

elephantiasis (filariasis)
dracunculosis
ascariasis
taeniasis

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Q

which worm causes dracunculosis

A

guinnea worm

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Q

which worm causes ascariasis

A

round worm

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Q

which worm causes taeniasis

A

tape worm

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Q

disease: transmitter
polio

A

food or water

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Q

disease: transmitter
dysentery

A

food or water

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Q

disease: transmitter
small pox

A

touch

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Q

disease: transmitter
relapsing fever

A

louse

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Q

disease: transmitter
aids

A

std (venereal or contaminated blood)

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Q

disease: transmitter
typhoid

A

food and water or housefly

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Q

disease: transmitter
cholera

A

food and water

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Q

disease: transmitter
kala azar

A

sandfly

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Q

disease: transmitter
hepatitis BCD

A

contaminated blood

B is std also

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Q

disease: transmitter
hepatitis A and E

A

food and water

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Q

disease: transmitter
jaundice

A

food and water

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Q

disease: transmitter
gonorrhoea

A

std

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Q

disease: transmitter
leprosy

A

touch

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Q

disease: transmitter
syphilis

A

std and contaminated blood

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Q

disease: transmitter
trench fever

A

louse

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Q

disease: transmitter
sleeping sickness

A

tsetse fly

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Q

disease: transmitter
chikungunya

A

aedes egypti mosquito

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Q

disease: transmitter
plague aka black death

A

flea

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Q

disease: transmitter
leucorrhoea

A

std

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Q

disease: transmitter
ascariasis

A

food and water

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Q

disease: transmitter
bacterial vaginosis

A

std

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Q

disease: transmitter
zika fever

A

aedes egypti mosquito

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Q

disease: transmitter
japanese encephalitis

A

culex mosquito

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Q

disease: transmitter
diarrhoea

A

house fly or contaminated food and water

Q

disease: transmitter
yellow and zika fever

A

aedes egypti

Q

disease: transmitter
malaria

A

anopheles mosquito

Q

disease: type of
elephantiasis (filariasis)

A

helminthic

Q

disease: type of
dengue

A

viral

Q

disease: type of
kala azar

A

protozoan

Q

leprosy

A

bacterial

Q

disease: type of
cholera

A

bacterial

Q

disease: type of
chikungunya

A

viral

Q

disease: type of
athlete’s foot

A

fungal

Q

disease: type of
baldness

A

fungal

Q

disease: type of
ascariasis

A

helminthic

round worm

Q

disease: type of
diptheria

A

bacterial

Q

disease: type of
polio

A

viral

Q

disease: type of
rabies

A

viral

Q

disease: type of
trachoma

A

bacterial

Q

disease: type of
aspergillosis

A

aka asthma is fungal

Q

disease: type of
taeniasis

A

helminthic

by tape worm

Q

disease: type of
aids

A

viral

Q

disease: type of
ebola

A

viral

Q

disease: type of
herpes

A

viral

Q

disease: type of
anthrax

A

bacterial

Q

disease: type of
dracunculosis

A

guinnea worm caused helminthic disease

Q

disease: type of
ring worm

A

has name “worm” in it but is fungal

Q

disease: type of
influenza

A

viral

Q

disease: type of
tb

A

bacterial

Q

disease: type of
typhoid

A

bacterial

Q

disease: type of
tetanus

A

bacterial

Q

disease: type of
pertussis

A

bacterial

Q

common name for pertussis

A

whopping cough

Q

disease: type of
chicken and small pox

A

viral

Q

disease: type of
pyrrhoea

A

protozoan

Q

disease: type of
plague

A

bacterial

Q

disease: type of
malaria

A

protozoan

Q

disease: type of
zika

A

virus

Q

disease: type of
leuccorhoea

A

protozoan

Q

disease: type of
gonorrhoea

A

bacterial

Q

disease: type of
amoebiasis

A

protozoan

Q

disease: type of
pneumonia

A

bacterial

Q

disease: type of
sleeping sickness

A

protozoan

Q

disease: type of
madurai foot disease

A

fungal

Q

disease: type of
syphilis

A

bacterian

Q

disease: type of
common cols

A

viral

Q

what is the causative agent of malaria

A

plasmodium protozoa

Q

who is the vector for malaria

A

female anopheles mosquito

Q

who was sir ronald ross

A

he discovered that malariais caused by plasmodium and he was awarded nobel prize

Q

who and when received a nobel prize for discovery of plasmodium as the causative agent for malaria

A

sir ronald ross in 1902

Q

which is the most common species which cause malaria

A

plasmodium vivax

Q

which is the most dangerous malaria causing plasmodium

A

plasmodium falcifarum

Q

how many types of plasmodium protozoa can cause malaria. name them

A

4
plasmodium…
1. vivax (common)
2. falcifarum(dangerous)
3. malariae
4. ovale

Q

in how many hosts does plasmodium completes its life cycle

A

in 2 hosts namely
1. female anopheles mosquito
2. humans

Q

which host is sexual and which is asexual for plasmodium

A

sexual phase in female anopheles
asexual in humans

Q

where is female anopheles is plasmodium hosted

A

intestine or gut

Q

where in humans is plasmodium hosted in its 2nd i.e. asexual phase

A

liver and rbc

Q

draw the life cycle of plasmodium

A

add diagram from notes

Q

which is the infective stage to humans is of plasmodium

A

sporozoite

Q

who discovered plasmodium

A

dr alphonse leveran

Q

who coined the term “malaria”

A

culloch

Q

how can malaria spread be controlled

A

1 physical way: mosquito nets
2 chemical ways: ddt, aldrin, dialdrin
3. biological ways: birds like duck, flies like dragon fly and fishes like gambusa

Q

which chemicals are used in prevention of malaria

A

ddt
aldrin
diadrin

Q

what are the symptoms of malaria

A

cold with high fever
anaemia
repetition of fever after an interval

Q

which test is used to check malaria

A

MP test i.e. malarial parasite test

Q

which medicines are used in treatment of malaria

A

quinines and cloroquinines

Q

how are quinines and chloroquinines obtained

A

from the bark of cinchona plant

Q

what else is a way to treat malaria other than quiniones

A

artemisin obtained from artemesia plant

Q

who received a nobel prize for discovery of artemisin as a treatment for malaria

A

chinese scientist yuyutu

Q

what is the name of vaccine for malaria

A

RTS-S aka mosquirix

rapid test and treat sustainably

works against plasmodium falcifarum

Q

what is the causative agent of african sleeping sickness

A

trypanosoma

Q

causative agent of kala azar

A

leishmania

Q

causative agent of leucorrhea

A

trichomonas

Q

how is trichomonas spread

A

air

Q

what is the vector for sleeping sickness
what is the causative agent

A

tsetse fly
trypanosoma

Q

what is the vector for kala azar
what is the causative agent

A

sand fly
leishmania

Q

what does sleeping sickness affect

A

nervous system
causes sleep and could lead to death

Q

what does kala azar affect

A

blood
it becomes black and skin is affected too

Q

what happens in leucorrhea

A

causes white vaginal discharge in females

Q

what happens in amoebiasis

A

causes diarrhoea and abdominal pain

Q

what is the causative agent of amoebiasis

A

entamoeba histolytica

Q

what is the vector of amoebiasis
what is the causative agent

A

through contaminated food and water
entamoeba histolytica

Q

what is the causative agent of giardiasis

A

giardia

Q

what is the vector of giardiasis

A

this giardia disease is spread by contaminated food and water

Q

what does giardiasis affects

A

intestines
causes diarrhoea

Q

what kind of disease is scabies? what is the common name for it

A

seven year itching is a fungal disease

Q

what is the causative agent of scabies

A

sarcoptes scabei

Q

what is the mode of transmission for scabies

A

contact

Q

hat is affected by scabies

A

skin
causative agent?

sarcoptes scabei

Q

what are the causative agents of ring worm

A

microsporum
trichophyton
dermatophytes

Q

how does ring worm transmit

A

contact

Q

what does the ring worm affects?
what is the causative agent?

A

skin
microsporum, trichophyton, and dermatophytes

Q

what is the causative agent of aspergillosis

A

aaspergillus

Q

what does aspergillosis affects

A

lungs

Q

how is aspergillosis spread?

A

lungs affecting disease which is spread by air

Q

what is the causative agent of guinea worm disease

A

this helminthic disease is caused by dracunculus worm

Q

vector for guinea worm disease?

A

contaminated water, with cyclops as a reservoir host

Q

what is the reservoir host for guinea worm disease

A

cyclops

Q

what does guinea worm affects

A

muscles
causes wounds

Q

what is the causative agent of filariasis/elephantiasis

A

filaria or wuchereria

Q

what is the vector for filariasis

A

culex mosquito

Q

what is affected in filariasis

A

lymph nodes of legs

Q

what is the other name for filaria

A

wuchereria

Q

what is the other name for filariasis

A

elephantiasis

Q

what is the causative agent of taeniasis

A

taenia solium aka tape worm
and
taenia saginata

Q

what is the mode of transmission for taeniasis

A

taenia solium agent is in contaminated pork
taenia saginata agent is in contaminated beef

Q

what does taeniasis affects

A

muscles

Q

what is the causative agent of ascariasis

A

ascaris

Q

what is the mode of transmission for helminthic disease ascariasis

A

contaminated food and water

Q

what is affected in ascariasis

A

intestine