respiratory phys

Question 1

what is the key factor that controls respiration?

Answer 1

1. incr partial pressure of CO2
2. reduction in PO2
3. reduction in pH

Question 2

which factor can directly stimulate the peripheral chemoreceptors and the central chemoreceptors?

Answer 2

PCO2

Question 3

is there cartilage in bronchi or in bronchioles?

Answer 3

bronchi = cartilage
bronchioles = no cartilage

Question 4

what drives resistance to airflow?

Answer 4

smooth muscle in bronchus and bronchiole

Question 5

common obstructive diseases that increase resistance to air flow (4)

Answer 5

1. bronchitis
2. asthma
3. tumors
4. aspiration

Question 6

what are obstructive conditions in the airway wall?

Answer 6

1. asthma
2. acute bronchitis
3. chronic bronchitis

Question 7

what are obstructive conditions related to loss of lung parenchyma?

Answer 7

emphysema

Question 8

what are obstructive conditions in the airway lumen?

Answer 8

1. bronchiectasis
2. bronchiolitis
3. CF
4. acute tracheobronchial obstruction
5. epiglottis
6. croup

Question 9

what cells produce collagen and elastin?

Answer 9

fibroblasts

Question 10

collagen and elastin is responsible for what?

Answer 10

distensibility and elastic recoil of lungs

Question 11

what are the exit points for pleural liquid, proteins, and cells to be removed from pleural space?

Answer 11

stomata

Question 12

pleural effusion is most commonly seen with?

Answer 12

CHF

Question 13

restrictive or obstructive? the result of decreased expansion of the lungs due to alterations in lung parenchyma, pleura, chest wall or neuromuscular fxn?

Answer 13

restrictive pulm disorders

Question 14

when you expand your chest, the pressure incr or decr?

Answer 14

decr

Question 15

more collagen ____compliance

Answer 15

decr

Question 16

would pneumonia incr or decr compliance?

Answer 16

decr

Question 17

compliance is the ________of elasticity

Answer 17

inverse

Question 18

what is the largest vascular bed?

Answer 18

pulmonary circulation

Question 19

is pulm circulation or systemic more compliant?

Answer 19

pulm circulation

Question 20

what part of the pulm circulation creates a physiological shunt?

Answer 20

bronchial circualtion

Question 21

what is the mechanism for automatic control of pulm blood flow distribution?

Answer 21

hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV)

Question 22

alveolar hypoxia results in vasodilation or vasoconstriction?

Answer 22

vasoconstriction

Question 23

what is the optimal V/Q ratio?

Answer 23

0.8

Question 24

which type of volume cannot be measured by spirometry?

Answer 24

residual volume

Question 25

FEV1/FVC under 0.7?

Answer 25

obstructive lung disease

Question 26

FEV1/FVC >0.8

Answer 26

restrictive lung disease

Question 27

if you have a lot of collagen in lung interstitium (more than elastin)?

Answer 27

lung will collapse a lot easier than distend

Question 28

if lose elastin in lung interstitium?

Answer 28

loss of elastic recoil

Question 29

is CO2 or O2 more soluble?

Answer 29

CO2

Question 30

CHF rsults in ____pulmonary venous hydrostatic pressure from the ____side

Answer 30

incr, visceral

Question 31

in pleural effusion, there is _____microvascular oncotic pressure

Answer 31

decr

Question 32

the extent to which the lungs will expand for each unit incr in transpulmonary pressure

Answer 32

lung compliance

Question 33

more collagen - compliance goes up or down?

Answer 33

compliance goes down

Question 34

does pneumonia incr or decr compliance?

Answer 34

decr compliance (limit ability of lung to expand)