lung pathology 3 Flashcards
what is responsible for 1/6 of all deaths in US?
pneumonia
pyogenic bacteria w/ neutrophils in alveoli
acute pneumonia
not pyogenic, “atypical pneumonia” often viral or mycoplasmal
pneumonitis
what are some predisposing conditions for community acquired acute bacterial pneumonia?
age extremes, chronic diseases, immune deficiencies, decr splenic fxn
bacterial pneumonia often follows?
viral URI
which lobes are usually affected in bacterial pneumonia?
lower lobes or right middle lobe
what type of sputum will you get with bacterial pneumonia?
blood tinged sputum
most common cause of lobar pneumonia?
streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci)
congestion->red hepatization->gray hepatization->resolution assc’d wtih what type of pneumonia?
lobar pneumonia morphology
indications for hospitalization of CAP patient?
- severe dyspnea or hypoxemia
- empyema’
- CHF or COPD
- delirium
lack of alveolar exudate, modestly incr WBC, very little sputum, acute febrile respiratory disease with patchy inflammation in lung
primary atypical pneumonia; AKA interstitial pneumonitis
primary atypical pneumonia is largely confined to where?
alveolar septa & interstitium
what is the most common cause of primary atypical pneumonia (walking pneumonia)
mycoplasma
what is the 2nd most common cause of atypical pneumonia?
chlamydia pneumoniae
military, college students, schools, prisons, hospitals - what bug?
mycoplasma
coryza?
cold
pathogenic mechanism of atypical pneumonia
organisms attach to respiratory epithelium–>cells necrose–>inflammatory response–>can extend to alveoli & interstitial inflammation
thickening of the alveolar wall will be seen in what sort of pneumonia?
interstitial (atypical) pneumonia
systemic disease that causes classic well formed non-caseating granulomas in many tissues and organs
sarcoidosis
how to dx sarcoidosis?
dx of exclusion
nonsmoker, af am female, SE US, young adults - what disease?
sarcoidosis
if sarcoidosis has an acute onset, what is it?
fever, erythema nodosum, polyarthritis, incr IgG, incr Ca, incr ACE
interstitial & intraalveolar accumulation of CD4, incr levels of IL2 & IFN gamma, IL8, TNF
sarcoidosis
what type of bodies can be found in sarcoidosis bodies?
- schaumann bodies
2. asteroid bodies
