Respiratory Pharmacology Flashcards
What 3 things need to be considered before stepping up or down treatment?
Adherence, Inhaler technique and eliminate trigger factors
How do inhaled corticosteroids work?
modifies transcription in the nucleus increasing expression of beta 2 receptors, reduces mucosal inflammation, widens airways and prevents death
What is the risk of ICS in COPD?
Pneumonia
What are the adverse reactions of beta 2 agonists?
Adrenergic fight or flight, tachycardia, palpitations, anxiety and tremor.
What must LABA always be prescribed with?
Inhaled corticosteroids
What additional controller therapies could be used?
Leukotriene receptor antagonist, long acting muscarinic antagonist(LAMA), a methylxanthine
How does a leukatriene receptor antagonist work?
blocks CysLT1
What is the immediate treatment for acute severe and life-threatening asthma?
oxygen, high dose beta 2 agonist nebulised, nebulised ipratropium bromide (SAMA) if beta 2 agonist alone doesn’t work
What is the ideal size for an inhaled substance?
1-5 microns
