Hyperlipidaemia

Question 1

What is the action of a statin?

Answer 1

Competitive inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase and upregulation of hepatic LDL receptors

Question 2

Name 2 additional benefits of statin therapy

Answer 2

Stabilisation of atherosclerotic plaque and improved homeostasis

Question 3

Name 1 difference between simvastatin and atorvastatin

Answer 3

Atorvastatin has a much longer half life

Question 4

Which substance is used to diagnose rhabdomyolysis?

Answer 4

Creatine phosphokinase

Question 5

What is the primary prevention?

Answer 5

20mg atorvastatin once daily

Question 6

What is the secondary preventin?

Answer 6

80mg atorvastatin once daily

Question 7

What is the method of action of Fibrates?

Answer 7

Activation of nuclear transcription factor PPAR(alpha), increases production of lipoprotein lipase

Question 8

What is the method of action of Cholesterol absorption inhibitors?

Answer 8

Inhibit NPC1L1 transporter, reduces absorption of cholesterol by the gut by ~50%

Question 9

What is the target LDL cholesterol for those being treated for secondary prevention?

Answer 9

4.0mmol/L

Question 10

What is the mechanism of action of PCSK9 inhibitor?

Answer 10

Prevents the degradation of LDL-R

Question 11

What is the number needed to treat high cholesterol?

Answer 11

~17-20