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Respiratory System > Respiratory Lung Diseases > Flashcards

Respiratory Lung Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What does a spirometer measure

A

The amount of air you can breathe out in one second and the total volume of air you can exhale in one forced brath

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2
Q

Vital Capacity

A

The maximum amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs

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3
Q

Causes of restrictive lung disease (Nerve or muscle)

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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4
Q

Causes of restrictive lung disease (bone) (3)

A

Kyphoscoliosis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Thoracoplasty

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5
Q

Causes of restrictive lung disease (other) (2)

A

Sub-diaphragmatic

Pregnancy

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6
Q

Where is the institium

A

Between the alveolus and capillaries

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7
Q

Features of sarcoidosis

A

Non-caseating granuloma

Erythema Nodosum

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8
Q

Investigation for saroidosis (4)

A

History and exam
CXR
Pulmonary function test
Blood/urinalysis/ECG/TB skin test/ eye exam

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9
Q

Further assessment for sarcoidosis (3)

A

Bronchoscopy
Mediastinoscopy
VATS

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10
Q

Treatment for Sarcoidosis (2)

A

NSAIDs- erythema nodosum and joint pain

Systemic steroids- hypercalcaemia and no response to topical Rx for cardiac, neuro or eye disease

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11
Q

Prognosis for sarcoidosis

A 
Permanent pulmonary or extra-pulmonary complications
Progressive respiratory failure
Bronchiectasis
Aspergilloma 
Haemoptysis
Pneumothorax
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12
Q

Typical presentations of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (5)

A 
Chronic breathlessness
Cough
60-7 year old common in men
Failed treatment for LVF or infection
Clubbed and crackles
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13
Q

Options of IPF (2)

A

Median survival is 3 years

Oral anti-fibrotic (Pirfenidone, Nintedanib, Palliative care)

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14
Q

Causes of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (6)

A 
Bacteria
Mycobacteria
Fungi and moulds
Proteins
Chemicals
Inability to shut down inflammation in lung institium
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15
Q

Diagnosis of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (8)

A 
Blood tests
BAL
CT
Inhalation challenge test
Lung bx
LFT
Precipitin test
CXR
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16
Q

Treatment for Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

A 
Avoidance 
Oxygen therapy
Bronchodilators
Opioids- to control SOB
Lung transplant

Respiratory System (30 decks)

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