Introduction and Anatomy of Lungs, Airways and Blood Supply Flashcards

1
Q

Features of Nose

A

The cilia and mucus trap particles and warm and moisten the air that passes through

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2
Q

Features of Pharynx

A

Air from your nose moves down this structure

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3
Q

Features of Epiglottis

A

A small flap of tissue that folds over and prevents food entering your trachea

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4
Q

Features of Larynx

A

This is the voice box that contains your vocal cords and vibrate to produce sound

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5
Q

Features of Trachea

A

From pharynx air moves down to the trachea which is made up of stiff hyaline cartilage

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6
Q

Features of Bronchus

A

Air moves from the trachea to branch off in these structures

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7
Q

Features of Lung

A

Maim organ of respiration

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8
Q

Upper Respiratory Tract

A

Pharynx, Nose, Larynx, Tongue, Oesophagus

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9
Q

Lower Respiratory Tract

A

Trachea, Bronchi, Lung, Diaphragm

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10
Q

Features of the Right Lung

A
Superior Lobe
Middle Lobe
Inferior Lobe
Horizontal Fissure
Oblique Fissure
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11
Q

Features of the Left Lung

A

Superior Lobe
Inferior Lobe
Oblique Fissure

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12
Q

How many times does each bronchus branch to terminate at the alveoli

A

22

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13
Q

Bronchioles

A

No cartilage, patency is maintained by physical forces in the thorax

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14
Q

Alveoli

A

Type 1 Pneumocytes: gas exchange
Type 2 Pneumocytes: produces surfactant
Alveolar macrophages ingest foreign material that reaches the alveoli

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15
Q

Functions of the respiratory system

A

Gas exchange
Acid-Base balance
Protection from Infection
Communication via speech control of air

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16
Q

Importance of breathing and gas exchange

A

Provides energy to keep brain cells alive

Acquiring and removing

17
Q

In the steady state the net volume of oxygen exchanged in the lungs per unit is equal to what?

A

net volume exchanged in the tissues and the same applies for carbon dioxide

18
Q

Average volumes of gas exchanged per minute

A

250ml oxygen (consumed)
200ml carbon dioxide (produced)
Breathing rate is 10-20 breaths/min at rest

19
Q

Function of mucous

A

Moisten air
Traps particles
Provides large surface area for cilia to act on
Has Goblet cells and Subepithelial glands