Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Respiratory System > Obstructive Airway Diseases > Flashcards

Obstructive Airway Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal FEV1

A

3.5-4 litres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the normal FVC

A

5 litres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the normal ration of FEV1/FVC

A

0.7-0.8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the predicted FVC based on

A

age, sex and height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Except for FEV1 and FVC how else can obstructive lung disease be demonstrated

A

PEFR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is PEFR

A

How fast an individual can exhale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a normal PEFR

A

400-600 litres/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Below what percentage is a marked fall of PEFR

A

<50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the features of Obstructive Lung Disease (5)

A 
Airflow limitation
PEFR is reduced
FEV1 is reduced
FVC may be reduced
FEV1 is less than 70% of FVC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is bronchial asthma

A

Type 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Aetiology of Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema (5)

A 
Smoking
Atmospheric pollution
Occupation
Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency 
Effect of age and susceptibility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chronic Bronchitis large airways

A

Mucous glands and goblet cell hyperplasia
Inflammation
Fibrosis (minor component)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chronic Bronchitis small airways

A

Goblet cells appear
Inflammation
Fibrosis (long standing disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Emphysema

A

Increase of alveolar space distal to terminal bronchiole arising from dilation or destruction and without obvious fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Forms of Emphysema

A

Centri-acinar
Pan-acinar
Bulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is Centri-acinar emphysema more common

A

Around a central bronchiole and Upper part of the lung as there is more ventilation there

17
Q

Where is Pan-acinar most common

A

Lower part of the lungs and causes huge areas of tissue loss

18
Q

What is a bulla

A

Emphysematous space greater than 1cm

19
Q

What can happen if a bulla bursts

A

It can cause a pneumothorax

20
Q

What type of emphysema can individuals with alpha-1-antitrypsin get

A

Bulla

21
Q

Pathogenesis of Emphysema

A

Smoking
Protease-antiprotease imbalance
Ageing
A1A deficiency

22
Q

What is the purpose of anti-elastase (anti-protease)

A

Counteracts the effects of neutrophils and macrophages when there is a foreign body within the respiratory system

23
Q

What effect does smoking have on the production of anti-protease

A

it reduces it and impairs the repair mechanism involved in elastin synthesis

24
Q

Is emphysema reversible (Y/N)

A

No

25
Q

Why does emphysema lead to an increase on CO2 and decrease in O1

A

Increase in CO2 means 1 O2 molecule cannot occupy the same space so the O2 level drops

26
Q

What does the high level of CO2 retention cause

A

Chemoreceptors become less sensitive to the effects of CO2

27
Q

What does the the decrease in sensitivity to CO2 mean?

A

The body does not rely on CO2 concentration as the respiration drive but Hypoxia

28
Q

Those that don’t respond to hypoxia are known as

A

Blue bloaters

Respiratory System (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions