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Anatomy - Year One > Respiratory - Lung Anatomy > Flashcards

Respiratory - Lung Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the upper respiratory tract?

A

Nose
Pharynx
Larynx

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2
Q

What makes up the lower respiratory tract?

A

Trachea
Bronchi (primary, secondary, tertiary)
Bronchioles (terminal and respiratory)

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3
Q

What is the basic structural unit of gas exchange in the lungs?

A

Pulmonary alveoli

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4
Q

What are the portions of the tracheobronchial tree?

A

Conducting portion
Respiratory portion

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5
Q

What happens in the conducting portion of the tracheobronchial tree?

A

No gas exchange

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6
Q

What happens in the respiratory portion of the tracheobronchial tree?

A

Gas exchange

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7
Q

What are the conducting portions of the tracheobronchial tree?

A

Trachea
Main bronchus
Lobar bronchus
Segmental bronchus
Conducting bronchiole
Terminal bronchiole

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8
Q

What are the respiratory portions of the tracheobronchial tree?

A

Respiratory bronchiole
Alveolar duct
Alveolar sac
Alveolus

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9
Q

What are the lobes of the lung?

A

Superior
Middle (Right Lung only)
Inferior

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9
Q

What are the borders of the lung?

A

Anterior
Posterior
Inferior

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10
Q

What are the surfaces of the lung?

A

Costal
Mediastinal
Diaphragmatic

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11
Q

What are the fissures of the lungs

A

Oblique fissure
Horizontal fissure (right lung only)

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12
Q

What is the hilum of the lung?

A

An area located on the medial surface of the lung

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13
Q

What is a root of the lung?

A

Group of structures that enter of leave the lung at the hilum

Bronchus
Artery
Veins
Lymphatics
Nerves

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14
Q

How many bronchopulmonary segments are there?

A

10 on each lung

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15
Q

What is the clinical significance of the bronchopulmonary segments?

A

Each one is an independent unit - had bronchiole segment of its own

16
Q

What are the bronchial arteries of the lung?

A

Thoracic aorta (2 left)
Posterior intercostal artery (1 right)

17
Q

What are the bronchial veins of the lungs?

A

Azygous and accessory hemizygous system

18
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the lungs?

A

Pulmonary LN
Bronchopulmonary LN
Tracheobronchiol LN
Broncho-mediastinal LN
Broncho-mediastinal lymph trunk

19
Q

What is responsible for autonomic innervation of the lungs?

A

Pulmonary plexus

20
Q

What is responsible for parasympathetic innervation of the lungs?

A

Vagus nerve

21
Q

What is responsible for sympathetic innervation of the lungs?

A

T2-T5

22
Q

What are the pleurae of the lungs?

A

Serous membranes that line the lungs and thoracic cavity

23
Q

What kind of epithelial are the pleurae?

A

Simple squamous epithelial layer

24
Q

How can the pleura be divided into?

A

Visceral pleura
Parietal pleura

25
Q

What does the parietal pleura cover?

A

The internal surface of the thoracic cavity

26
Q

How can the parietal pleura be divided up into?

A

Mediastinal pleura
Cervical pleura
Costal pleura
Diaphragmatic pleura

27
Q

What does the visceral pleura cover?

A

The outer surface of the lungs

28
Q

What are the two pleural recesses?

A

Costodiaphragmatic
Costomediastinal

29
Q

What is the neurovascular supply parietal pleura?

A

Innervated by the phrenic and intercostal nerves. (Somatic nerves)

The blood supply is derived from the intercostal arteries.

30
Q

What is the neurovascular supply of the visceral plerua?

A

Autonomic innervation from pulmonary plexus

Arterial supply is via the bronchial arteries

31
Q

What pleura is sensitive to pain?

A

Parietal not visceral

32
Q

What is the pleural sac?

A

A pleura is a serous membrane that folds back on itself to form a two-layered membranous pleural sac

33
Q

What is the pleural reflection?

A

Place at which parietal pleura changes its direction of travel

34
Q

What is the pleural recess?

A

The increased space between the layers of pleura occurring at the pleural reflections

35
Q

Inferior margin of lung surface anatomy

A

Mid clavicular line - Rib 6
Mid axillary line - Rib 8
Paravertebral line - Rib 10

36
Q

Inferior margin of parietal plerua surface anatomy

A

Mid clavicular line - Rib 8
Mid axillary line - Rib 10
Paravertebral line - Rib 12

37
Q

Horizontal fissure of right lung

A

Rib 4 anteriorly

38
Q

Oblique fissure of left lung

A

Begins at spine of T3 and follows rib 6 anteriorly

Anatomy - Year One (26 decks)

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