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Anatomy - Year One > Back Muscles > Flashcards

Back Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What do back muscles serve as an attachment site for?

A

Muscles from various parts of the body including:

Head
Upper limb
Thorax
Abdomen
Hips
Lower limbs

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2
Q

What are the two groups that muscles of the back can be divided up into?

A

Extrinsic group
Intrinsic group

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3
Q

What is the extrinsic group of back muscles?

A

The muscles of the back that lie most superficially.

Help with upper limb movement and respiration

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4
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the back?

A

Superficial layer:

Trapezius muscle
Latissimus dorsi muscle
Rhomboid major and minor muscles
Levator scapulae muscle

Intermediate layer:

Serratus posterior muscles - serratus posterior superior muscle and serratus posterior inferior muscle - help in respiration

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5
Q

What three major groups can intrinsic muscles of the back be divided into?

A

Superficial layer
Intermediate layer
Deep layer

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6
Q

What is the role of the intrinsic group muscles?

A

Maintain posture
Control movement of vertebral column

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7
Q

What muscles make up the superficial muscles of the back?

A

Splenius muscles

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8
Q

What muscles make up the intermediate muscles of the back?

A

Erector spinae muscle

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9
Q

What muscles make up the deep muscles of the back?

A

Interspinales and intertransversarii muscles

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10
Q

What muscles allow bilateral flexion of the spine?

A

Muscles anterior to the spine

Eg - rectus abdominis and psaos major

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11
Q

What muscles allow bilateral extension of the spine?

A

Muscles posterior to the spine

Eg - erector spinae

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12
Q

What muscles allow unilateral rotation of the spine?

A

Muscles with oblique fibre orientation

Eg - external oblique, internal oblique (opposite side), and erector spinae

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13
Q

What muscles allow lateral flexion of the spine (unilateral)?

A

Erector spinae, external and internal obliques

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14
Q

What type of movement does the erector spinae allow?

A

Bilateral contraction - extension of spine

Unilateral contraction - lateral flexion of spine (ipsilateral)

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15
Q

How many muscles make up the anterior wall of the abdomen?

A

Three large flat muscles with different muscle orientation

Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique

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16
Q

What movements are muscles of the anterior abdominal wall associated with?

A

Anterior flexion
Lateral flexion
Rotation of the trunk

17
Q

What muscles make up the anterior wall of the abdomen?

A

Illiacus
Psoas major
Quadratus lumborum

18
Q

What movements are muscles of the posterior abdominal wall associated with?

A

Anterior flexion (psoas) and lateral flexion of the spine

19
Q

What is the chief extensor of the vertebral column?

A

Erector spinae (bilateral action)

20
Q

What muscles make up the erector spinae?

A

Spinalis muscles
Longissimus muscles
Iliocostalis muscles

21
Q

What is the function of the external abdominal oblique?

A

Bilateral contraction - Trunk flexion

Unilateral contraction - Trunk lateral flexion (ipsilateral), Trunk rotation (contralateral)

22
Q

What is the function of the internal abdominal oblique?

A

Bilateral contraction - Trunk flexion

Unilateral contraction - Trunk lateral flexion (ipsilateral), Trunk rotation (contralateral)

23
Q

What is the function of the rectus abdominis muscle?

A

Trunk flexion, Compresses abdominal viscera, Expiration

24
Q

What is the function of the Illiacus?

A

Hip joint: Thigh/trunk flexion

25
Q

What is the function of the psoas major?

A

Hip joint:

Flexion of the thigh/trunk, lateral rotation of the thigh

Lateral flexion of the trunk

26
Q

What is the function of the quadratus lumborum?

A

Bilateral contraction - fixes Ribs 12 during inspiration, trunk extension

Unilateral contraction - lateral flexion of trunk (ipsilateral)

Anatomy - Year One (26 decks)

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