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Pharmocology - step > Respiratory druuggss > Flashcards

Respiratory druuggss Flashcards

1
Q

list the first gen H1 receptor inhibitors

A

diphenhydramine
dimenhydrinate
chlorpheniramine

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2
Q

used of first gen H1 receptor inhibitors

A

allergies
motion sickness
sleeping aid

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3
Q

side effect of first gen H1 receptor inhibitors

A

sedation
antimuscarinic
anti alpha adrenergic

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4
Q

diphenhydramie

A

H1 blocker

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5
Q

dimenhydrinate

A

H1 blocker

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6
Q

chlorpheniramie

A

H1 blocker

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7
Q

list the second gen H1 inhibitors

A 
-DINE
loratadine
fexofenadine
desloratadine
cetirazine
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8
Q

use of second gen H1 inhibitors

A

allergy

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9
Q

side effects of second gen H1 inhibitors

A

less sedation than H1 because less CNS entry

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10
Q

loratadine

A

second gen Hi blocker

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11
Q

fexofenadine

A

second gen H1 blocker

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12
Q

desloratadine

A

second gen H1 blocker

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13
Q

cetirazine

A

second gen H1 blocker

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14
Q

list the expectorants

A

guaifenesin, N-acetylcysteine

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15
Q

MOA guaifenesin

A

expectorant - thins respiratory secretions, no suppression of cough reflex

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16
Q

MOA N-acetylcystiene

A

mucolytic - breaks disulfide bonds in mucos - used at CH

also used in acetaminophen OD

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17
Q

guaifenesin

A

expectorant

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18
Q

N-acetylcysteine

A

expectorant

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19
Q

list the antitussives

A

dextromethorphan

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20
Q

MOA dextromethrophan

A

antag NMDA glutamate receptors

codeine analoug

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21
Q

risks of dextromethrophan

A

mild opioid effects when used in excess
mildl abuse potntia
SEROTONIN SYNDROME if used with other serotonergic drugs

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22
Q

serotonin syndrome

A

dextromethrophan

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23
Q

naltrexone for od of?

A

destromethrophan

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24
Q

nasal decongestants please

A

pseudoephedrine

phenylephrine

25
Q

MOA pseudephedrine, pheynlephrine

A

alpha agonists - vasoconstriction

26
Q

reduce hyperemia use?

A

pseudephedrine, pheynlephrine

27
Q

reduce edema use?

A

pseudephedrine, pheynlephrine

28
Q

open obstructed Eustachian tubes use?

A

pseudephedrine, pheynlephrine

29
Q

make methamphetamine?

A

pseudephedrine, pheynlephrine

30
Q

toxicity includes: hypertension, CNS stimulation/anxiety

A

pseudephedrine, pheynlephrine

31
Q

list the pulmonary hypertensive drugs

A

bosentan - endothelin receptor antagonists
sildenafil - PDE-5 inhibitors
epoprostenol, iloprost - prostacyclin analogs

32
Q

MOA bosentan

A

endothelin receptor antag - decreases pulmonary vascular resistance

33
Q

toxicity of bosentan

A

hepatotoxicity (also zilueton)

34
Q

MOA of sildenafil

A

inhibits cGMP PDE5 – prolongs vasodilatory effects of NO

35
Q

use of sildenafil

A

pulmonary hypertension

erectile dysfunction

36
Q

MOA epoprostenol and iloprost

A

PGI2 analogues – direct vasodilatory effects on pulmonary an systemic arterial vascular beds
inhibition of platelet aggregation

37
Q

side effects of epoprostenol and iloprost

A

flushing

jaw pain

38
Q

list the families of asthma drugs and names plase

A

b2 agonists - albuterol, salmeterol, formoterol
corticosteroids - gluticasone, budesonide
muscarinic antags - ipratropium, tiotropium
antiluekotriens - motelukast, zafirlukast, zileuton
omalizumba -
methylxanthines

39
Q

dx of asthma

A

methacholine - M2 agnoist

40
Q

MOA albuterol

A

b2 agonist - relazes bronchial smooth muscle

41
Q

DOC at acute asthma exacerbation

A

albuterol

42
Q

a/se salmeterol and formoterol

A

tremor

arrhythmia

43
Q

DOC at prophylaxis asthma

A

salmeterol, formoterol

b2 agonist long acting

44
Q

MOA fluticasone, budesonide

A

inactivates NFkB – inhibited synthesis of virtually all cytokines

45
Q

DOC for chronic asthma

A

fluticasone, budesonide

corticosteroids

46
Q

MOA ipratropium

A

competitive block of M receptors - no bronchoconstriction

47
Q

COPD treatment

A

ipratropium

tiotropium

48
Q

MOA montelukast and zarfirlukast

A

block leukotriene receptors CysLT1

49
Q

DOC at aspirin induced asthma

A

montelukast
zarfirlukast
block Lt receptors

50
Q

MOA zileuton

A

5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor

no aa to leukoteinces

51
Q

a/se of zileuton

A

hepatotoxic (bosentan)

52
Q

MOA omalizumab

A

monoclonal anti IgE an – binds unbound serum Ig E and blocks interaction with FCeR1

53
Q

DOC at allergic asthma resistant to inhaled steroids (fluticasone, budesonide) and long term acting b2 agonists (salmeterol, formoterol)

A

omalizumba

monoclonal anti IgE

54
Q

MOA theophylline

A

inhibits phosphodiesterase – increase cAMP due to decreased levels of hydrolysis

55
Q

what limits useage of theophylline and its a/se

A

narrow TI

cardiotoxity and nephrotoxicity

56
Q

cardiotoxic and nephrotoxic

A

theophylline

a methylxanthine

57
Q

how is theophylline metabolized

A

P450 system

58
Q

blocks action of adenosine

A

theophylline, a methylxanthine

Pharmocology - step (16 decks)

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