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Pharmocology - step > Autonomics > Flashcards

Autonomics Flashcards

1
Q

list autonomic recepors on the eye and agonist effects

A

alpha 1 - pupillary dilator - mydriasis
alpha2 - decreases aqueous production
beta2 - increases aqueous production, ciliary muscle relaxation
M3 - ciliary muscle contraction - accommodation
M3 - pupillary sphincter - miosis

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2
Q

list recetpors on the vasculator and agonist effects

A 
alpha 1 - vasoconstriction
beta 2 - vasodilation
D1 - renal relaxation
H1 -  increased permeability -- Gq
V1 - vasodilation
smooth muscle relaxation @ Gs
smooth muscle constriction @ Gq
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3
Q

list receptors on the heart and agonist effects

A

beta1 - heart rate and contractility increase

M2 - heart rate decrease, decreased atrial contractility decrease

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4
Q

hemicholium

A

prevents choline uptake

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5
Q

vesamicol

A

prevents Ach fom getting in the vesicles

reserpine

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6
Q

botulinum

A

prevents Ach from bein released.

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7
Q

metyrosine

A

tyrosine hydroxylase BH4

no DOPA is made

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8
Q

reserpine

A

prevents dopamine from getting in to vesicles

vesamicol

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9
Q

bretylium

guanethidine

A

prevents release of Ne

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10
Q

ATII receptor

A

promotes vesicular release of NE

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11
Q

bethanechol

A

direct cholinergic

postop ileus, neurogenic ileus, urinary retention

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12
Q

carbachol

A

direct cholinergic

decreases IOP in glaucoma

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13
Q

methacholine

A

direct cholinergic

challenge test for diagnosis of asthma

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14
Q

pilocarpine

A

stimulates tears, sweat, saliva
open angle: ciliary
closed angle: sphincter

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15
Q

donepezil
galantamine
rivastigmine

A

Alzheimer disease

indirect choli agonist

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16
Q

Alzheimer disease

A

donepezil
galantamine
rivastigmine

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17
Q

edrophonium

A

historically dx of MG

indirect choil agonist

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18
Q

neostigmine

A

MG
post op and neurogenic ileus
urinary retension
reversal of NMH blockade post op

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19
Q

urinary retention
postp op ileus
neurogenic ileus

A

bethanachol

neostigmine

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20
Q

reversal of NMJ blockade post op

A

neostigimine

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21
Q

physostigmine

A

anticholinergic (atropine) toxicity

crosses CNS

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22
Q

pyridostigmine

A

MA
long acting
no CNS

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23
Q

farmer with organophosphate poisoning

A

irreversible AChase inhibitor –> CHOLINGERIC SYMPTOMS

DUMBBEELSS: diarrhoea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitement of PNS and CNS, lacrimation, salivation, sweating

treat with atropine (competitive - no effect centrall or at skeletal muscle - nicotinic receptors) or pralidoxime (if early)

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24
Q

atropine
homatropine
tropicamide

A

muscarinic antags
ophthalmic procedures and bradycardia
mydriasis
cycloplegia

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25
benztropine
muscarinic antags | CNA - for Parkinson disease and acute dystonia
26
glycopyrrolate IV
muscarinic antags | preop to decrease respiratory decrtions
27
glycopyrrolate oral
muscarinic antags drooling peptic ulcer
28
hyoscyamine | dicyclomine
muscarinic antags | antispasmodics for irritable bowel syndrome
29
ipratropium | tiotropium
muscarinic antags COPD asthma
30
oxybutynin solifenacin tolterodine
GUT muscarinic antags reduce blader spasms urge urinary incontinence overactive bladder
31
scopolamine
muscarinic antags | motion sickness
32
Symptoms that make you think you need to use physostigmine to reverse it all
``` increasd body temperature - decreasd sweating rapid pulse dry mouth dry flushed skin cycloplegia constipation disorientiation ATROPINE TOXICITY: hot as a hare, dry as a boen, red as a bet, blind as aboat, man as a hatter ```
33
jimson week
datura | gardeners pupil - mydriasis due to plant alkaloids
34
tetradotoxin
``` prevents depol without changing RMP nausea diarrhoea paresthesias weakness dizziness loss of reflexes ```
35
puffer fish
tetradotoxin
36
ciguatoxin sxs
opens na channels confuse with cholinergic poisoning temperature related dysesthesia
37
barracuda snapper moray eel
reed fish | ciguatoxin
38
scrombroid toxin
``` burning of mouth flush face erythema urticarial pruritus headache may be anaphylaxis like: bronchospasm, angioedema, hypotension HISTAMINE from FISH ```
39
bonito mackerel mahi mahi tuna kept at warm tempaerautes
scrombroid
40
albuterol
b2>b1 | asthma
41
salmeterol
b2>b1 | COPD
42
dobutamine
B1>B2, alpha heart failure: inotropic>chronotropic cardiac stress testing
43
dopamine
``` D1=D2>b>a unstable bradycardia heart failure: inotropic AND chronotropic shock high doses - alpha effect ```
44
ephinephrine
``` b>a anaphylaxis asthma open angle glaucoma (cilairy muscle) strong at b2 than NE ```
45
isoproterenol
b1=b2 electrophysiologic evaluation fo tachyarrhythmias can worsen iscahemia
46
norepinephrine
a1>a2>b hypotension - but decreases renal perfusion weaker at B2 than epi
47
phenylephrine
a1>a2 hypotension ocular procedures - dilator rhinitis - vasoconstriction
48
amphetamine
indirect feneral agonist reuptake inhibitor release stored catecholamines
49
narcolepsy, obesity and ADHD
amphetamine
50
cocaine
indirect general agonist reuptake inhibitor avoid beta blockers in cocaine users vasoconstriction and generalized anesthesia
51
ephedrine
indirect general agonist | release stored catecholamines
52
nasal decongestion urinary incontinence hypoteion
ephedrine
53
urinary incontinence vrs urinary retention tx
ephedrine - a1>a2 stim --> incontinence neostigmine - cholinergic stim --> retention bethanochol- cholinergic stim --> retention
54
clonidine
alpha 2 agonist hypertensive urgency ADHD Tourette dynfrome
55
tourteet syndrome and ADHD
clonidine
56
hypertension in pregos
alpha-methyldopa | alpha 2 agonist
57
phenozybenzamine
non selective irreversible alpha blocker post op pheochromocytoma removal will case orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia
58
phentolamine
non selective reversible alpha blocker give to ppl on MAOi who eat tyramine containing foods will cause orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia
59
prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin
alpha 1 selective inhibis urinary symptoms of BPH PTSD (prazosin) hypertension (all but tamsulosin) will cause first dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, headache
60
mirtazapine
alpha2 selective inhibis depression a/se: sedation, increased serum cholesterol and increased appetite
61
PTSD treatment
prazosin | alpha 1 selective inhibitor
62
list the b1> b2 blockers
``` A-M acebutolol - partial atenolol betaxolol esmolol metoprolol ```
63
list the non selective b blockers
``` N-Z nadolol pindolol - partial propranolol timolol ```
64
non selective alpha and beta blocker please
carvedilol labetalol DO NOT END in ''OLOL''
65
selective b1 blocker and b3 agonist and who cares?
nebivolol | cardiac inhibi and activation of NO synthase in vasculature
66
what does b3 do?
agonistm - sitmulates NO synthase
67
bb used for post MI
metoprolol carvedilol bisoprolol
68
SVT bb used?
metoprolol esmolol class II anti arrhythmics
69
glaucoma and bb?
decreases secretion of aqueous humor | @ B2

Pharmocology - step (16 decks)

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