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Pharmocology - step > Git drugs > Flashcards

Git drugs Flashcards

1
Q

name the H2 blockers and which ones you’d prefer to use please

A

cimetidine
ranitodine
famotidine - preferred
nizatidine - preferred

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2
Q

MOA of H2 blockers

A

bock H2 receptor - decreased gastric acid secretion via blocking increased cAMP in parietal cells

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3
Q

uses of H2 blockers

A

PUD
mild gastric reflux
gastritis

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4
Q

toxocitiy of H2 blockers

A

cimietidine:
inhibits P450 - multiple drug interatcions
anti-androgenic - prolactin release, impotence, decreased libido in men, gynecomastia
cross BBB - dizziness, confusion, headaches
cimetidine and ranitodine:
decrease renal secretion of creatinine

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5
Q

list the PPIs please

A 
omeprazole
lansoprazole
esomeprazole
pantprazole
dexlansoprazole
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6
Q

what is the MOA of PPIs

A

IRREVERSIBLE inhibit HKATPase in stomach pariental cells

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7
Q

used of PPi

A

PUD
esophageal reflux
gastriris
Zollinger Ellison syndrome

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8
Q

toxos of PPIs

A

increased risk of C difficile infections
pneumonia
decreased serum Mg with long term use (hypomagnesemia = tetany, hypokalemia, torsasdes de pointes)

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9
Q

MOA fo bismuth and sucralfate

A

bind to ulcer base - protection and establishemt of HCO3 muclsa layer

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10
Q

use of bismuth and sucralfate

A

increased ulcer healing

travelers diarrhoea

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11
Q

MOA misoprostal

A

PGE1 analogue

increase production and secretion of mucosal barrie and decreased acid prodcution

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12
Q

uses of misoprostol

A

prevent NSAID induced PUD
maintain PDA (rubella, TOF, transposition of great vessels and RDS)
off label for induction of labour - ripens cervix

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13
Q

toxo of misoprostol

A

diarrhoea

contraindicated in women of childbearing potential bc abortifacient

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14
Q

MOA of ocreotide

A

long acting somatostatin analogue

inhbits actions of many splanchnic vasocontrsction hormones

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15
Q

clinical use of ocreotide

A

acute variceal bleeds
acromegaly
VIPoma
carcinoid tumours

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16
Q

toxo of ocreotide

A

nausea
cramps
steatorrhoea

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17
Q

affects of anatacids

A

can affect absorption, bioavailability, urinary excretion of toher drugs via alteration of gastric and urinary pH or by delaying gastric emptying

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18
Q

list the antacids please

A

aluminum hydroxide
calcium carbonate
magnesium hydroxide

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19
Q

what are s/e of aluminum hydroxide

A 
constipation
proximal muscle weakness
hypokalemia
hypophosphatemia
osteodystrophy
seizures
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20
Q

what are s/e of calcium carbonate

A

hypercalcemia ( stones, bone pain, ab pain, increased urinary frequency, anxiety, altered mental status)
rebound acid production
can chelat and decrease effective ness of drugs ie tetracyclines
hypokalemia

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21
Q

what are s/e of magnesium hydroxide

A 
diarrhoea
hyporeflexia
hypotension
hypokalemia
cardiac arrest
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22
Q

list the osmotic laxatives please

A

magnesium hydroxide
magnesium citrate
polyethylene glycol
lactulose

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23
Q

moa of osmotic laxatives

A

provide osmotic load to draw water itno the gi lumen

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24
Q

clinical use of osmotic laxatives

A

constipation

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25
Q

use of lactulose and how

A

hepatic encephaloaty — makes gut bacteria produces lactic acid and NH4+ is excreted ridding body of NH3

26
Q

toxicity of osmotic laxatives

A

diarrhoea
dehydration
may be abused by bulimics

27
Q

MOA of sulfasalazine please

A

sulfapyridine - ab and 5-aminosalicylic acid - antiinflmmatory that is activated by colonic bacteria

28
Q

use of sulfasalazine please

A

UC and colonic protion of Chrons

29
Q

toxon of suldasalazine

A

malaise
nausea
sulfonamide toxicity
reversible oligospermia

30
Q

MOA of ondansetron

A

5HT3 antagonist
decreased vagal simulation
powerful central acting antiemetic

31
Q

use for ondansetron

A

control post op vomiting and in paitnets undergoing cancer chemotehrapy

32
Q

toxicity of ondansetron

A

headache
constipation
QT interval prolongation

33
Q

MOA of metoclopramide

A

D2 receptor antagonist
increase restone tone, contractility LES tone motility
does nto change colon transport time

34
Q

use of metoclopramide

A

diabetic and postsurgery gastropareies

antiemetic

35
Q

toxo of metoclopramide

A 
parkinsonia effects
tardive dyskinesia
restlessness
drowsiness
fatigue
depression
diarrhoea
drug interaction with digoxin and diabetic agents
36
Q

metoclopramide contra Indi in?

A

small bowel obstruction

parkinsons

37
Q

MOA of orlistat

A

inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase - decreases breakdown and absorption of dietary fats

38
Q

clinical use of orlistat

A

weight loss

39
Q

a/se of orlistat

A

steatorrhoea

decreased absorption of fat soluble vitamiens

40
Q

treatmet of PUD

A

H2 antags
PPI
misoprostal - prevent

41
Q

treatment of gastirtis

A

H2 antags

PPI

42
Q

treatment of esophageal reflux

A

PPI

mild - H2 antags

43
Q

treatment of zollinger Ellison syndrome

A

PPI

44
Q

to promote ulcer healign

A

bismuth and sucralfate

45
Q

treatment of travellers diarrhoea

A

bismuch and sucralfate

46
Q

maintain an PDA

A

misoprostol

47
Q

induced labour

off label

A

misoprostol

48
Q

acromegaly

A

octreotide

49
Q

VIPoma

A

octreotide

50
Q

carcinoid tumours

A

octreotide

51
Q

acute variceal bleeding

A

octreotide

52
Q

constipation

A

magnesium hydroxide
magnesium citrate
polyethylene glycol
lactulose

53
Q

UC and Chronis

A

sulfasalazine

54
Q

post op vomiting and chemo tx patints

A

ondansetron

55
Q

diabetic and postop gastropareies

A

metoclopramide

56
Q

weight loss

A

orlistat

57
Q

toxicity includes: diarrhoea

A 
misoprostol
magnesium hydroxide
magnesium citrate
lactulose
polyethylene glycol
metoclopramide
58
Q

toxicity includes electrolyte imbalance

A

PPIs - decreased serum Mg with long term use
aluminum hydroxide - hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia
calcium carbonate - hypercalcemia and hypokalemia
magnesium hydroxide - hypokalemia

59
Q

toxicity includes steathorrhoea

A

ocreotide
orlistate
OOOOO

60
Q

toxicity includes cardiac thigns

A

magnesium hydroxide - cardiac arrest

ondansetron - QT prolongation

Pharmocology - step (16 decks)

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