Git drugs Flashcards
name the H2 blockers and which ones you’d prefer to use please
cimetidine
ranitodine
famotidine - preferred
nizatidine - preferred
MOA of H2 blockers
bock H2 receptor - decreased gastric acid secretion via blocking increased cAMP in parietal cells
uses of H2 blockers
PUD
mild gastric reflux
gastritis
toxocitiy of H2 blockers
cimietidine:
inhibits P450 - multiple drug interatcions
anti-androgenic - prolactin release, impotence, decreased libido in men, gynecomastia
cross BBB - dizziness, confusion, headaches
cimetidine and ranitodine:
decrease renal secretion of creatinine
list the PPIs please
omeprazole lansoprazole esomeprazole pantprazole dexlansoprazole
what is the MOA of PPIs
IRREVERSIBLE inhibit HKATPase in stomach pariental cells
used of PPi
PUD
esophageal reflux
gastriris
Zollinger Ellison syndrome
toxos of PPIs
increased risk of C difficile infections
pneumonia
decreased serum Mg with long term use (hypomagnesemia = tetany, hypokalemia, torsasdes de pointes)
MOA fo bismuth and sucralfate
bind to ulcer base - protection and establishemt of HCO3 muclsa layer
use of bismuth and sucralfate
increased ulcer healing
travelers diarrhoea
MOA misoprostal
PGE1 analogue
increase production and secretion of mucosal barrie and decreased acid prodcution
uses of misoprostol
prevent NSAID induced PUD
maintain PDA (rubella, TOF, transposition of great vessels and RDS)
off label for induction of labour - ripens cervix
toxo of misoprostol
diarrhoea
contraindicated in women of childbearing potential bc abortifacient
MOA of ocreotide
long acting somatostatin analogue
inhbits actions of many splanchnic vasocontrsction hormones
clinical use of ocreotide
acute variceal bleeds
acromegaly
VIPoma
carcinoid tumours
toxo of ocreotide
nausea
cramps
steatorrhoea
affects of anatacids
can affect absorption, bioavailability, urinary excretion of toher drugs via alteration of gastric and urinary pH or by delaying gastric emptying
list the antacids please
aluminum hydroxide
calcium carbonate
magnesium hydroxide
what are s/e of aluminum hydroxide
constipation proximal muscle weakness hypokalemia hypophosphatemia osteodystrophy seizures
what are s/e of calcium carbonate
hypercalcemia ( stones, bone pain, ab pain, increased urinary frequency, anxiety, altered mental status)
rebound acid production
can chelat and decrease effective ness of drugs ie tetracyclines
hypokalemia
what are s/e of magnesium hydroxide
diarrhoea hyporeflexia hypotension hypokalemia cardiac arrest
list the osmotic laxatives please
magnesium hydroxide
magnesium citrate
polyethylene glycol
lactulose
moa of osmotic laxatives
provide osmotic load to draw water itno the gi lumen
clinical use of osmotic laxatives
constipation
use of lactulose and how
hepatic encephaloaty — makes gut bacteria produces lactic acid and NH4+ is excreted ridding body of NH3
toxicity of osmotic laxatives
diarrhoea
dehydration
may be abused by bulimics
MOA of sulfasalazine please
sulfapyridine - ab and 5-aminosalicylic acid - antiinflmmatory that is activated by colonic bacteria
use of sulfasalazine please
UC and colonic protion of Chrons
toxon of suldasalazine
malaise
nausea
sulfonamide toxicity
reversible oligospermia
MOA of ondansetron
5HT3 antagonist
decreased vagal simulation
powerful central acting antiemetic
use for ondansetron
control post op vomiting and in paitnets undergoing cancer chemotehrapy
toxicity of ondansetron
headache
constipation
QT interval prolongation
MOA of metoclopramide
D2 receptor antagonist
increase restone tone, contractility LES tone motility
does nto change colon transport time
use of metoclopramide
diabetic and postsurgery gastropareies
antiemetic
toxo of metoclopramide
parkinsonia effects tardive dyskinesia restlessness drowsiness fatigue depression diarrhoea drug interaction with digoxin and diabetic agents
metoclopramide contra Indi in?
small bowel obstruction
parkinsons
MOA of orlistat
inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase - decreases breakdown and absorption of dietary fats
clinical use of orlistat
weight loss
a/se of orlistat
steatorrhoea
decreased absorption of fat soluble vitamiens
treatmet of PUD
H2 antags
PPI
misoprostal - prevent
treatment of gastirtis
H2 antags
PPI
treatment of esophageal reflux
PPI
mild - H2 antags
treatment of zollinger Ellison syndrome
PPI
to promote ulcer healign
bismuth and sucralfate
treatment of travellers diarrhoea
bismuch and sucralfate
maintain an PDA
misoprostol
induced labour
off label
misoprostol
acromegaly
octreotide
VIPoma
octreotide
carcinoid tumours
octreotide
acute variceal bleeding
octreotide
constipation
magnesium hydroxide
magnesium citrate
polyethylene glycol
lactulose
UC and Chronis
sulfasalazine
post op vomiting and chemo tx patints
ondansetron
diabetic and postop gastropareies
metoclopramide
weight loss
orlistat
toxicity includes: diarrhoea
misoprostol magnesium hydroxide magnesium citrate lactulose polyethylene glycol metoclopramide
toxicity includes electrolyte imbalance
PPIs - decreased serum Mg with long term use
aluminum hydroxide - hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia
calcium carbonate - hypercalcemia and hypokalemia
magnesium hydroxide - hypokalemia
toxicity includes steathorrhoea
ocreotide
orlistate
OOOOO
toxicity includes cardiac thigns
magnesium hydroxide - cardiac arrest
ondansetron - QT prolongation
