Respiratory Disorders

Question 1

What are manifestations of benign laryngeal tumors

Answer 1

Hoarseness

Breathy voice quality

Question 2

What type of laryngeal cancer is most common

Answer 2

Squamous cell carcinoma

It occurs over time with irritation

Question 3

If a laryngeal tumor invades the glottis, what are assoc signs and symptoms

Answer 3

Change in voice

Hoarseness

Question 4

If a laryngeal tumor invades the supra glottic area, what are assoc signs and symptoms

Answer 4

Painful swallowing, sore throat, lump in throat

Question 5

If a laryngeal tumor invades the sub glottic area, what are associated signs and symptoms

Answer 5

Airway obstruction

Question 6

What are diagnostic tests for laryngeal cancer

Answer 6

1. Direct or indirect laryngoscopy visualizes larynx
2. Biopsy: usually done under general anesthesia
3. CT scan, MRI, chest X RAY: evaluates size of mass, involvement of lymph nodes, determines metastasis

Question 7

What is treatment of laryngeal cancer

Answer 7

Radiation therapy Is the treatment of choice for early cancer ( affects timber of voice)
Chemotherapy ( used to distant metastasis)
Total or partial laryngectomy
Radical or modified neck dissection: if cervical lymph node involvement

Question 8

What is a partial laryngectomy

Answer 8

One half or more of the larynx is removed
Voice is preserved but changed
Client Recieved several weeks of enteral or parenterally nutrition
Taught swallowing techniques to prevent aspiration

Question 9

What is a total laryngectomy

Answer 9

It is used for cancers that extend beyond vocal cords
Larynx, epiglottis,thyroid cartilage, several trachea rings and hyoid bone removed
No risk of aspiration/ normal speech is lost
Permanent tracheostomy

Question 10

What is TEP

Answer 10

Tracheoesophageal puncture
Small fistula is created between posterior tracheal wall and anterior esophagus with 1 way shut valve, by occlude get tracheostomy stoma air forced into esophagus and hypo pharynx to produce sound

Question 11

Esophageal speech

Answer 11

Uses swallowed air to create sound and form words

Belchlike sound

Question 12

Benign laryngeal tumor risk factors

Answer 12

Chronically shout, project or vocalize
Vocal abuse
Cigarette smoking 
Chronic irritation from industrial pollutants 
Smoking/ alcohol/ poor nutrition/ HPV