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MED SURG > Hepatitis > Flashcards

Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

When is recovery expected for HEPATITIS B

A

a person will recover fully within 6 months

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2
Q

HEPATITIS B is one of the main causes of what

A

Cirrhosis and liver cancer

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3
Q

What is drug induced hepatitis

A

It is one of the most common causes of liver failure

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4
Q

What causes drug induced hepatitis

A 
Acetaminophen is the leading cause
Psychotropic meds
Anticonvulsants
Antidepressants
Anti TB meds
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5
Q

What are signs and symptoms of drug induced hepatitis

A 
Chills
Fever
Rash
Anorexia
Nausea
Jaundice
Dark urine 
Hepatomegally
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6
Q

How long is the incubation period of HEPATITIS B

A

It has a incubation period of 1-6 months

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7
Q

What is HAV

A 
Hepatitis A virus
Passed by fecal oral route ( ANAL)
Contaminated foods dirty water systems 
Poor sanitation
Benign self limited usually clears within 2 months
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8
Q

What is HBV

A

Passed the blood and body fluids
Liver cells damaged by immune response
High risk to health care workers injection drug users
Gay men
Increased risk for liver cancer; causes acute and chronic hepatitis

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9
Q

What is HCV

A

Passed by blood and body fluids
Injection drug users
Symptoms are non specific

Primary cause of liver cancer and cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis

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10
Q

What is HDV

A

Assoc with HBV
Passed by blood and body fluids
Causes acute or chronic infection

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11
Q

What is HEV

A

Rare in the US
paSsed by the facial oral route
Affects young adults; fulminant in pregnant woman

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12
Q

What are general signs and symptoms of hepatitis

A 
Flu like symptoms, general malaise, anorexia, fatigue,muscle and body aches 
N/V/D
Constipation
Mild RUQ pain
Chills, fever
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13
Q

Ppl in liver failure are unable to excrete what

A

NH3 ammonia

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14
Q

ETOH

A

Alcohol

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15
Q

SBO

A

Small bowel obstruction

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16
Q

Any time ascites fluid is drained from the body, what should you do

A

Replace with albumin because ascites fluids Is made of albumin
Ascites flue is yellow it is also bubbly like albumin

17
Q

Don’t give kidney patients what

A

Protein

Or acetaminophen; give NSAIDS instead

18
Q

Is a persons is in liver failure and there ammonia levels are NH3 levels are high; what can be expected

A

Give lactulose which will make them poop and decrease levels
Increased NH3 levels produces neurological defects of the brain

19
Q

What is chronic hepatitis

A

Chronic infection from viruses: B,C,D

20
Q

What are symptoms of chronic hepatitis caused by HBV, HCV, HDV

A

Few symptoms: fatigue, malaise, heaptomegally

Liver enzymes are elevated

21
Q

What is fulminant hepatitis

A

Rapidly progressing disease with liver failure developing within 2-3 weeks of onset of symptoms
Rare but usually due to HBV, HDV

22
Q

What are labs to monitor for with hepatitis

A

LFT
AST/ALT
LDH

23
Q

What are medications that cause toxic hepatitis

A 
Acetaminophen 
Benzene 
Carbon tetrachloride
Halothane
Chloroform
Poisonous mushrooms
24
Q

What are signs and symptoms of the interic phase of hepatitis

A

Occurs 5-10 days after prodromal symptoms
Jaundice of the sclera, skin, mucous membranes
Elevation of serum bilirubin
Pruritis due to increased uric aside
Stool becoming light or clay colored

25
Q

What is the convalescent phase of hepatitis

A

In uncomplicated cases, symptoms improve within 2 weeks

26
Q

What are liver function tests

A

ALT- specific to the liver
AST - specific to heart and liver cells
ALP- specific to liver and bone cells
GGT- present in cell membranes

27
Q

What are nursing interventions for a liver biopsy

A

NPO 4-6 hrs before test
PT & platelet count results, vit k may need to be administered
Client voids prior to procedure, supine position
Local anesthesia administered: instruct client to hold breathe during needle insertion
Maintain pressure on right side
No heavy lifting or coughing for 1-2 weeks
Monitor VS q 2 h

28
Q

Which hepatitis are there vaccines for

A

A&B

29
Q

Vaccines for HBV is recommend for who

A

High risk groups

30
Q

Post exposure prophylaxis of is recommended for household member in contact with which hepatitis

A

HAV

HBV

31
Q

What are prophylactics meds for HAV

A

Single dose of immune globulin. Within 2 weeks of exposure

32
Q

What is HBV prophylaxis

A

HBIG
hepatitis b immune globulin for short term immunity
HBV vaccine may be given at the same time

33
Q

What is treatment for acute hepatitis

A

Interferon alpha to prevent chronic hepatitis

34
Q

What is treatment for chronic hepatitis

A

Interferon alpha IM or SC or lamivudine

35
Q

What is treatment for chronic HCV

A

Interferon alpha with ribavirin ( Rebetol) oral anti viral drug

MED SURG (15 decks)

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