Med Surg Final Flashcards
Secondary prevention
Focuses on early detection of mental illness
Neologism
Made up words that have little or no meaning
Thought broadcasting
Type of delusion where one believes thoughts are heard by others
Ideas of reference
Type of delusion where one misconstrues trivial events and attaches personal significance to them such as thinking the next table is taking about him
Clans association
Meaningless rhyming of words
Thought insertion
Type of delusion where one believes that others thoughts are inserted into his head
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Manifestation of things NOT NORMALLY PRESENT
Hallucinations, delusions, alterations in speech, bizarre behavior such as walking backwards
Negative symptoms
Manifestations of things THAT ARE NORMALLY PRESENT
Affect, ologia, anergia, abolition, anhedonia ( lack of pleasure or joy)
Word salad
Words jumbled together with lil meaning or significance to the listener
Dissociation
Temporally blocking memories from consciousness
Altruism
Dealing with anxiety by reaching out to others
Sublimation
Dealing with anger by substituting it for acceptable forms like working out
Displacement
Outward projection of anger (smashing a toy)
Primary prevention
Promotes health
Prevents mental health problems from occurring
Cancer markers
PSA- prostate specific antigen ( prostate cancer)
CEA- colon cancer
Alkaline phosphatase- bone metastasis
What are classifications of pain
Acute- sudden onset, usually sharp and localized, less than 6 months, initiates flight or fight stress response
Somatic- arises from skin, close to surface of body, sharp or dull poorly localized, includes n/v
Visceral- arises from body organs, dull and poorly localized, with n/v
Referred- pain perceived in area distant from stimuli
Chronic-prolonged pain, more than 6 months often dull, aching,diffuse most common is lower back pain
What are common chronic pain conditions
Back pain
Neuralgias- pain from peripheral nerve damage
Titration
Diluting med with NSS
Dystrophies
Pain from peripheral nerve damage characterized by continuous burning pain
Hyperesthesia
State of over sensitivity to touch and painful stimuli
Phantom pain
Post amputation, experiencing pain in a missing body part
Psychogenic pain
Pain without a physiologic cause or event
What’s a non narcotic analgesic
Acetaminophen treats mild to moderate pain
What are NSAIDS
Aspirin, ibuprofen
Interferes with prostaglandin synthesis.
TENS
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
Nerve conducts electrical current and so cannot conduct pain
Normal protein level
6-8
Normal albumin level
3.1-4.3
Cardiac standstill occurs when Ca reaches what levels
18 or above
What is anorexia nervosa
Restriction of food leading to low body weight
Morbid fear of obesity
Distorted body image
What are the 2 types of anorexia nervosa
Bing
Purge
What is binge as it relates to anorexia
Rapid ingestion of a large quantity of food in a short amount of time
What is purge as it relates to anorexia
Self induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas
What are complications of anorexia nervosa
Lanugo Difficulty maintaining body temp Low BP w/ orthostatic hypo tension Dental erosion from purging Electrolyte imbalance from purging Malnutrition Hair loss
What is bulimia nervosa
It is more prevalent than anorexia nervosa
Typically the person maintains a normal or slightly higher weight
Characterized by eating large quantities of food in a short amount of time
Purging behaviors
What are complications of bulimia nervosa
Electrolyte imbalance
Dental erosion from purging
Constipation with laxative dependence
Esophageal tears
What are nursing diagnosis for eating disorders
Imbalanced nutrition; less than body requirements
Deficient fluid volume
Disturbed body image
What is treatment for eating disorders
Hospitalization- with IVs and feeding tubes
Behavioral modification therapy, calorie count,meals will be timed,bathroom restriction around meal time
What are meds for eating disorders
Treat underlying depression and anxiety
SSRIs and TCAs
