Respiratory Content Session 2 Flashcards
When auscultating the chest of a client with pneumonia, the nurse would expect to hear which of the following sounds?
A. Wheezing
B. Fine Crackles
C. Friction Rub
D. Stridor
Answer: B
Rationale: Fluid in the lungs due to infection would cause crackles
A client has active TB. Which of the following symptoms will he likely exhibit?
A. Chest and lower back pain.
B. Chills, fever, night sweats, and hemoptysis.
C. Fever of more than 104*F and nausea.
D. Headache and photophobia.
Answer: B
- Fever
- Weight loss
- Fatigue
- Night sweats
- Cough, dyspnea
- Anemia
A client with shortness of breath has decreased to absent breath sounds on the right side, from the apex to the base. Which of the following conditions would best explain this?
A. Pneumonia
B. TB
C. Pulmonary Embolism
D. Pneumothorax
Answer: D
Rationale: The air around the lung impairs the ability of the lung to inflate properly. This causes the SOB and decreased lung sounds.
Which of the following best describes pleural effusion?
A. The collapse of alveoli.
B. An abnormal amount of air in the pleural space
C. The accumulation of fluid in the alveolar space.
D. The accumulation of fluid between the linings of the pleural space.
Answer: D
Rationale: An effusion refers to an influx of fluid.
A 58-year-old client with a 40-year history of smoking one to two packs of cigarettes a day has a chronic cough producing thick sputum, a barrel chest, peripheral edema, and cyanotic nail beds. Based on this information, he most likely has which of the following conditions?
A. Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
B. Asthma
C. COPD
D. TB
Answer: C
- Cough (excess mucous)
- Increase RR and exercise dyspnea
- Wheezing
- Constant dyspnea, trapped air/prolonged expiration
- Barrel chest & use of accessory muscles
- Cyanosis
- Clubbing of fingers
- Pulmonary HTN/right side heart failure
The term “blue bloater” refers to which of the following conditions?
A. Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
B. Asthma
C. Chronic obstructive bronchitis
D. Emphysema
Answer: C
Rationale: mucous plugging and bronchial fibrosis leads to cyanosis and r sided HF (peripheral edema)
A patient develops atelectasis after surgery. What is this patient at risk for?
A. Hospital acquired pneumonia
B. Acute asthma attack
C. Development of COPD
D. Development of TB
Answer: A
Rationale: Incomplete lung expansion allows for accumulation of fluid which makes the patient at risk for developing pneumonia
An elderly client has been ill with the flu, experiencing headache, fever, and chills. After 3 days, she developed a cough productive of yellow sputum. The nurse auscultates her lungs and hears diffuse crackles. How would the nurse best interpret these assessment findings?
A. It is likely that the patient is developing a secondary bacterial pneumonia.
B. The assessment findings are consistent with influenza and are to be expected.
C. The patient is getting dehydrated and needs to increase her fluid intake to decrease secretions
D. The patient is showing signs of improvement
Answer: A
Rationale: Pneumonia is the most common complication of influenza, especially in the elderly. The development of a purulent cough and crackles may be indicative of a bacterial infection that is not consistent with a diagnosis of influenza.
Which of the following physical assessment findings would the nurse expect to find in a client with advanced COPD? SATA
A. Increased anteroposterior chest diameter.
B. Clubbed Fingers
C. Collapsed neck veins.
D. A respiratory rate of 16
Answer: A,B
Rationale: barrel chest and clubbed fingers are CM of chronic hypoxemia and classic signs of late stage COPD
The nurse teaches a client with COPD to assess for s/s of right-sided heart failure. Which of the following s/s would be included in the teaching plan?
A. Clubbing of nail beds
B. Hypertension
C. Peripheral edema
D. Increased appetite
Answer: C
Rationale: This question is specifically asking about s/s related to r sided heart failure
Assessing a client who has developed atelectasis postoperatively, the nurse will most likely find:
A. A flushed face.
B. Dyspnea and tachycardia.
C. Decreased temperature.
D. Severe cough and bradycardia
Answer: B
- Tachypnea
- Tachycardia
- Dyspnea
- Cyanosis
- Hypoxemia s/s
- Diminished lung expansion
- Absence of breath sounds
On auscultation, which finding suggests a right pneumothorax?
A. Bilateral inspiratory and expiratory crackles.
B. Absence of breaths sound in the right thorax.
C. Inspiratory wheezes in the right thorax.
D. Bilateral pleural friction rub.
Answer: B
Rationale: Incomplete expansion of the lungs decreases audible lung sounds.
A nurse is caring for a male client with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note in the client?
A. Slow, deep breaths
B. Clear lung sounds in all fields
C. High O2 saturation readings
D. Low oxygen levels despite high level of supplemental O2
Answer: D
Rationale: CM of ARDs include:
* Rapid, shallow breathing; Marked dyspnea / crackles- Respiratory failure
* Impaired gas exchange despite high supplemental oxygen
A male adult client is suspected of having a pulmonary embolism. A nurse assesses the client, knowing that which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of pulmonary embolism?
A. Sudden onset chest pain
B. Bradypnea
C. Rapid onset Bradycardia
D. Decreased respirations
Answer: A
- Sudden onset: Severe chest pain, respiratory
distress/acute hypoxemia, loss of consciousness, shock
(rapid, weak pulse, hypotension, diaphoresis)-often fatal
A male client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is recovering from surgery. Because the client is extremely weak and can’t produce an effective cough, the nurse should monitor closely for:
A. Pleural effusion
B. Pulmonary edema
C. Atelectasis
D. Oxygen toxicity
Answer: C
