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Anatomy and Physiology > Respiratory Chapter > Flashcards

Respiratory Chapter Flashcards

1
Q

functions as a passageway for air and food, provides a resonating chamber for speech sounds, and houses the tonsils.

A

pharynx

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2
Q

site of external respiration

A

alveoli

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3
Q

connects the laryngopharynx with the trachea; houses the vocal cords

A

larynx

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4
Q

serous membrane that surrounds the lungs

A

pleura

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5
Q

functions in warming, moistening, and filtering air; receives olfactory stimuli; is a resonating chamber for sound

A

nose

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6
Q

simple squamous epithelial cells that form a continuous lining of the alveolar wall; sites of gas exchange

A

type 1 alveolar cells

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7
Q

forms anterior wall of the larynx

A

thyroid cartilage

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8
Q

a tubular passageway for air connecting the larynx to the bronchi

A

trachea

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9
Q

secrete alveolar fluid and surfactant

A

type II alveolar cells

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10
Q

forms inferior wall of larynx; landmark for tracheotomy

A

cricoid cartilage

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11
Q

prevents food or fluid from entering the airways

A

epiglottis

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12
Q

air passageways entering the lungs

A

bronchi

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13
Q

ridge covered by a sensitive mucous membrane; irritation triggers cough reflex.

A

carina

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14
Q

Match the following types of breathing: deficiency of oxygen at the tissue level

A

hypoxia

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15
Q

Match the following types of breathing; above-normal partial pressure of carbon dioxide

A

hypercapnia

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16
Q

Match the following types of breathing; normal quiet breathing

A

eupnea

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17
Q

Match the following types of breathing; deep, abdominal breathing

A

diaphragmatic breathing

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18
Q

Match the following types of breathing; the ease with which the lungs and thoracic wall can be expanded

A

compliance

19
Q

Match the following types of breathing: hypoxia-induced vasoconstriction to divert pulmonary blood from poorly ventilated to well-ventilated regions of the lungs

A

ventilation-perfusion coupling

20
Q

Match the following types of breathing; absence of breathing

A

apnea

21
Q

Match the following types of breathing: rapid and deep breathing

A

hyperventilation

22
Q

Match the following types of breathing: shallow, chest breathing

A

costal breathing

23
Q

total volume of air inhaled and exhaled each minute

A

minute ventilation

24
Q

tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume

A

vital capacity

25
Q

additional amount of air inhaled beyond tidal volume when taking a very deep breath

A

inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

26
Q

residual volume + expiratory reserve volume

A

functional residual volume

27
Q

amount of air remaining in lungs after expiratory reserve volume is expelled

A

residual volume

28
Q

tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

A

inspiratory capacity

29
Q

vital capacity + residual volume

A

total lung capacity

30
Q

volume of air in one breath

A

tidal volume

31
Q

amount of air exhaled in forced exhalation

A

expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

32
Q

provides a medical and legal tool for determining if a baby was born dead or died after birth

A

minimal volume

33
Q

prevents excessive inflation of the lungs

A

pneumotaxic area

34
Q

The lower the amount of oxyhemoglobin, the higher the carbon dioxide carrying capacity of the blood

A

Haldane effect

35
Q

controls the basic rhythm of respiration

A

medullary rhythmicity area

36
Q

active during normal inhalation; sends nerve impulses to external intercostals and diaphragm

A

inspiratory area

37
Q

sends stimulatory impulses to the inspiratory area that activate it and prolong inhalation

A

apneustic area

38
Q

as acidity increases, the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen decreases and oxygen dissociates more readily from hemoglobin; shifts oxygen-dissociation curve to the right.

A

Bohr effect

39
Q

active during forceful exhalation

A

expiratory area

40
Q

pressure of a gas in a closed container is inversely proportional to the volume of the container

A

Boyle’s law

41
Q

transmits inhibitory impulses to turn off the inspiratory area before the lungs become too full of air

A

pneumotaxic area

42
Q

the quantity of a gas that dissolves in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas and its solubility

A

Henry’s law

43
Q

relates to the partial pressure of a gas in a mixture of gases whereby each gas in a mixture exerts its own pressure as if all the other gases were not present

A

Dalton’s law

44
Q

prevents excessive inflation of the lungs

A

Hering–Breuer inflation reflex

Anatomy and Physiology (12 decks)

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