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Anatomy and Physiology > Reproduction > Flashcards

Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

modified sudoriferous glands involved in lactation

A

mammary glands

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2
Q

a small, cylindrical mass of erectile tissue and nerves in the female; homologue of the male glans penis

A

clitoris

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3
Q

produce mucus in the female during sexual arousal and intercourse; homologous to the male bulbourethral glands

A

greater vestibular glands

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4
Q

the group of cells that nourish the developing oocyte and begin to secrete estrogens

A

follicle

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5
Q

a pathway for sperm to reach the uterine tubes; the site of menstruation; the site of implantation of a fertilized ovum; the womb

A

uterus

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6
Q

produces progesterone, estrogens, relaxin, and inhibin

A

corpus luteum

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7
Q

draw the ovum into the uterine tube

A

fibriae

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8
Q

the opening between the uterus and vagina

A

cervix

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9
Q

muscular layer of uterus; responsible for expulsion of fetus from uterus

A

myometrium

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10
Q

mucus-secreting glands in the female that are homologous to the prostate gland

A

paraurethral glands

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11
Q

the female copulatory organ; the birth canal

A

vagina

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12
Q

passageway for the ovum to the uterus; usual site of fertilization; site of tubal ligation

A

uterine tube

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13
Q

refers to the external genitals of the female

A

vulva

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14
Q

the layer of the uterine lining that is partially shed during each monthly cycle

A

endometrium

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15
Q

site of sperm maturation

A

epididymis

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16
Q

the male copulatory organ; a passageway for ejaculation of sperm and excretion of urine

A

penis

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17
Q

sperm-forming cells

A

spermatogenic cells

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18
Q

produce an alkaline substance that protects sperm by neutralizing acids in the urethra

A

bulbourethral glands

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19
Q

ejects sperm into the urethra just before ejaculation

A

ejaculatory duct

20
Q

the supporting structure for the testes

A

scrotum

21
Q

carries the sperm from the scrotum into the abdominopelvic cavity for release by ejaculation; is cut and tied as a means of sterilization

A

ductus deferens

22
Q

the shared terminal duct of the reproductive and urinary systems in the male

A

urethra

23
Q

surrounds the urethra at the base of the bladder; produces secretions that contribute to sperm motility and viability

A

prostate gland

24
Q

produce testosterone

A

Leydig cells

25
Q

supporting structure that consists of the ductus deferens, testicular artery, autonomic nerves, veins that drain the testes, lymphatic vessels, and cremaster muscle

A

spermatic cord

26
Q

support and protect developing spermatogenic cells; secrete inhibin; form the blood–testis barrier

A

Sertoli cells

27
Q

secrete an alkaline fluid to help neutralize acids in the female reproductive tract; secrete fructose for use in ATP production by sperm

A

seminal vesicles

28
Q

contraction and relaxation moves testes near to or away from pelvic cavity

A

cremaster muscle

29
Q

site of spermatogenesis

A

seminiferous tubules

30
Q

relaxes the uterus by inhibiting myometrial contractions during monthly cycles; increases flexibility of the pubic symphysis during childbirth

A

relaxin

31
Q

stimulates Leydig cells to secrete testosterone in males and triggers ovulation in females

A

LH (luteinizing hormone)

32
Q

inhibits production of FSH by the anterior pituitary gland

A

inhibin

33
Q

posterior pituitary hormone responsible for uterine contraction and release of milk from mammary glands

A

oxytocin

34
Q

stimulates male pattern of development; stimulates protein synthesis; contributes to sex drive

A

testosterone

35
Q

stimulates male external genital development

A

dihydrotestosterone

36
Q

maintains the corpus luteum during the first trimester of pregnancy

A

human chorionic gonadotropin

37
Q

contribute to male sexual behavior, spermatogenesis, and libido

A

androgens

38
Q

promotes development of female reproductive structures; lowers blood cholesterol

A

estrogens

39
Q

stimulates the initial secretion of estrogens by growing follicles; promotes follicle growth

A

FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)

40
Q

is secreted by the corpus luteum to maintain the uterine lining during the first trimester of pregnancy

A

progesterone

41
Q

anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production

A

prolactin

42
Q

the process during meiosis when portions of homologous chromosomes may be exchanged with each other

A

crossing over

43
Q

refers to cells containing one-half the chromosome number

A

haploid

44
Q

the cell produced by the union of an egg and a sperm

A

zygote

45
Q

the degeneration of oogonia before and after birth

A

atresia

46
Q

a packet of discarded nuclear material from the first or second meiotic division of the egg

A

polar body

47
Q

refers to cells containing the full chromosome number

A

diploid

Anatomy and Physiology (12 decks)

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