Metabolism Flashcards
The thermostat and food intake regulating center of the body is in the _________ of the brain.
Hypothalamus
The three key molecules of metabolism are [a] , [b] , and [c] .
glucose 6-phosphate, pyruvic acid, acetyl coenzyme A
Vitamins A, B, D, and K are fat-soluble vitamins
False- Vitamis A, D, E, AND K
NAD+ and FAD (1) are both derivatives of B vitamins, (2) are used to carry hydrogen atoms released during oxidation reactions, (3) become NADH and FADH2 in their reduced forms, (4) act as coenzymes in the Krebs cycle, (5) are the final electron acceptors in the electron transport chain.
(1) are both derivatives of B vitamins, (2) are used to carry hydrogen atoms released during oxidation reactions, (3) become NADH and FADH2 in their reduced forms, (4) act as coenzymes in the Krebs cycle,
During glycolysis, (1) a six-carbon glucose is split into two three-carbon pyruvic acids, (2) there is a net gain of two ATP molecules, (3) two NADH molecules are oxidized, (4) moderately high levels of oxygen are needed, (5) the activity of phosphofructokinase determines the rate of the chemical reactions.
(1) a six-carbon glucose is split into two three-carbon pyruvic acids, (2) there is a net gain of two ATP molecules, (5) the activity of phosphofructokinase determines the rate of the chemical reactions.
If glucose is not needed for immediate ATP production, it can be used for (1) vitamin synthesis, (2) amino acid synthesis, (3) gluconeogenesis, (4) glycogenesis, (5) lipogenesis.
(2) amino acid synthesis, (4) glycogenesis, (5) lipogenesis.
Which of the following is the correct sequence for the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP?
glycolysis, Formation of Pyruvate, Transition Reaction, formation of 2 acetyl CoA, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain
Which of the following would you not expect to experience during fasting or starvation? decrease in plasma fatty acid levels, increase in ketone body formation, lipolysis, increased use of ketones for ATP production in the brain, depletion of glycogen
decrease in plasma fatty acid levels
If core body temperature rises above normal, which of the following would occur to cool the body? (1) dilation of vessels in the skin, (2) increased radiation and conduction of heat to the environment, (3) increased metabolic rate, (4) evaporation of perspiration, (5) increased secretion of thyroid hormones.
(1) dilation of vessels in the skin, (2) increased radiation and conduction of heat to the environment, (4) evaporation of perspiration,
In which of the following situations would the metabolic rate increase? (1) sleep, (2) after ingesting food, (3) increased secretion of thyroid hormones, (4) parasympathetic nervous system stimulation, (5) fever.
(2) after ingesting food, (3) increased secretion of thyroid hormones, (5) fever.
Which of the following are absorptive state reactions? (1) aerobic cellular respiration, (2) glycogenesis, (3) glycogenolysis, (4) gluconeogenesis using lactic acid, (5) lipolysis.
(1) aerobic cellular respiration, (2) glycogenesis
Match the hormones with the reactions they regulate:
cortisol and glucagon
gluconeogenesis
Match the hormones with the reactions they regulate: insulin
glycogenesis and lipogenesis
Match the hormones with the reactions they regulate:
glucagon and epinephrine
glycogenolysis
Match the hormones with the reactions they regulate:
cortisol, epinephrine, thyroid hormones, and insulin-like growth factors
lipolysis
Match the hormones with the reactions they regulate:
insulin, thyroid hormones, insulin-like growth factors.
protein anabolism
Match the hormones with the reactions they regulate: cortisol
protein catabolism
deliver cholesterol to body cells for use in repair of membranes and synthesis of steroid hormones and bile salts
LOW- DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN
remove excess cholesterol from body cells and transport it to the liver for elimination
HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN
organic nutrients required in small amounts for growth and normal metabolism
Vitamin
