Respiratory Flashcards
Purpose of your nose besides bringing in O2
Warms the air
Larynx
enlargement at the top of the trachea (windpipe); passageway for air; prevents foreign objects from entering trachea; houses vocal cords
What does the lower respiratory tract include
Larynx, bronchi, and lungs
Nostrils aka
External nares
What kind of tissue are external nares and vestibule
Stratified squamous epithelium
Internal nares
Region of NC opening to Pharynx
Nasal septum
Bone and cartilage separation of NC
How does nose warm air
Mucosal lining- filters and moistens air
What tissue is mucosal lining
Psuedostratified ciliates columnar epithelium
What is in the mucosal lining of upper NC
Olfactory (smell) receptors
Sinusitis
Inflammation of sinuses
Conchae
3 bong ridges; modifications of lateral walls of the NC. Passageway (meatus) deep to each.
Superior and inferior conchae
Openings (meatus) from para nasal sinuses
Middle concha
Opening of the nasolacrimal duct
Gustatory
Taste
Uvula
Back of tongue
what does sinuses and voice have to do with each other
Shape and size of sinuses are major contributor to sound of voice
Laryngitis
Inflammation of vocal cords
Endoscope
Goes down trachea to stomach
How is sound production still possible when having larynx removal
Swallowing air into esophagus —> vibrate
The 4 para nasal sinuses
Ethmoidal, frontal, sphenoidal, and maxillary
What are para nasal sinuses
“Next to NC”
Air-filled spaces lined with mucous membrane
Continuous with nasal cavity
Sinus headache
Blocked drainage in paranasal sinuses–> buildup of fluid (infection/allergies) causes pressure = sinus headache
Tissue layers of trachea
Outside- hyaline cartilage
Middle- ciliated epithelium
Inside- lumen
Posterior- connective tissue and smooth muscle
Function of sinuses
Reduce weight of skull; resonant chambers
Pharynx
Passageway for air moving from NC to larynx and for food moving from oral cavity to esophagus
Bronchial tree
Branched tubes that lead from trachea to alveoli; conducts air to alveoli
What skeletal muscles are involved in breathing
Intercostals (btwn the ribs) innervated by: intercostal nerves
And
diaphragm innervated by: phrenic nerve
Receptor influence to increase inspiration
Medulla oblongata responds to increase in pressure, CO2!!!!, or lowered pH.
Peripheral chemoreceptors
Carotid bodies
Aortic bodies
Atmospheric pressure
760 mm Hg
When our diaphragm is relaxed the pressure …
Is the same as atmospheric pressure (760mm Hg)
Inspiration
Lowers pressure inside thoracic cavity to let air rush in
