Blood Typing Flashcards
Cause and defect hemolytic anemia
Cause- toxic chemicals
Defect- red blood cells destroyed
Cause and defect of Aplastic anemia
Cause- toxic chemicals, radiation
Defect- damaged bone marrow
Cause and defect Iron deficiency anemia
Cause- dietary lack of iron
Defect- hemoglobin deficient
Cause and defect Pernicious anemia
Cause- inability to absorb vitamin B12
Defect- excess of immature cells
Cause and defect Sickle cell
Cause- defective gene
Defect- red blood cells abnormally shaped
Cause and defect thalassemia
Cause- defective gene
Defect- hemoglobin deficient; rbc short lived
What would elevated eosinophils mean
Worms! Or allergic reactions
What does elevated neutrophils mean
Bacterial infections
Two types of lymphocytes and a deficiency in which one causes AIDS
Too few helper T lymphocytes causes AIDS; the B lymphocytes makes antibodies
Whats the area btwn platelets and RBC in a hematocrit test
Buffy coat
What are 3 things that high hematocrit values mean
Shock
Severe dehydration
Polycythemia
What are 3 things that low hematocrit values can mean
Leukemia
Anemia
Albumin %, origin, and function
It’s a plasma protein, 16%, located in the liver. It helps maintain blood osmotic pressure
Gamma globulins origin and function
Plasma proteins In lymphatic tissues, they constitutes the antibodies of immunity
Fibrinogen %, origin, and function
Plasma proteins, 4%, in the liver, and they play a key role in blood coagulation
LDL meaning and function
Low density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol)
Delivers cholesterol to various cells including liver cells
HDL meaning and function
High density lipoprotein (good cholesterol)
Transports to the liver remnants of chylomicrons that have given up their triglycerides
Describes chemicals involved in blood clotting
Prothrombin (factor II) is converted to thrombin (factor IIa) BY prothrombin activator.
The thrombin (factor IIa) then converts fibrinogen (factor I) TO fibrin.
Lastly, fibrin-stabilizing factor (factor XIII) stabilizes the fibrin and it forms a fibrin clot.
Fibrin-stabilizing factor (factor XIII) source and mechanism
Source- synthesized in liver, released by platelets
Mechanism- extrinsic and intrinsic
Normal hemoglobin ratio in males and females
Males: 14-17 g/dL
Females: 12-15 g/dL
Deci-
1/10
High hemoglobin values can mean what 4 things
Obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, high altitudes, or polycythemia
Low hemoglobin values can mean what two things
Hemorrhage or anemia
What is another name for antigen
Agglutinogen
What is an antigen
Anything that causes an immune response
What is an immune response
It’s an agglutination. Antibody is bound to what it’s looking for and clumps
What is important to note about ABO transfusions
That antibodies in donated blood plasma are not significant
