Lymphatic System Flashcards
Lacteals
specialized lymph vessels in small intestine that play a role in fat digestion; return lipids to cisterna chyli
How does the lymph system protect against invasion
Has fighters in lymph nodes that take out bacteria
Pulmonary circuit of heart
Right side
Systemic circuit of heart
Left side
Routes of fluid transport
lymph capillaries–> lymph vessels–> lymph nodes (filter)–> vessel–> lymphatic trunks–> thoracic (left) duct OR right duct–> left/right subclavian vein
What blood cells live in lymph node
Lymphocytes (macrophages)
purpose of subclavian veins
collect all lymph from body so body gets fluid back that it lost
What do lymph veins carry
lymph and some WBC no RBC!
Lymph vein size comparison
bigger than lymph capillaries smaller than veins, but same three layers
2 areas where lymph nodes are heavily concentrated
Axillary and groin
Cysterna chyli
Enlargement of the thoracic duct
From where does the cysterna chyli receive lymph
Lower abdomen, pelvis, and lower limbs
Hilus
indentation in lymph node and kidney
Afferent
SAME
Sensory=afferent (going in)
Efferent
SAME
Motor=efferent (going out)
How big are lymph nodes
0.5-1 inch
Tissue in lymph nodes
Phagocytic, reticular cortical tissue adapted to filter lymph
Cortex (cortical)
outer region (reticular cortical tissue)
Medulla
Inner region
What kind of fibers are in lymph nodes
reticular fibers (reticular cortical tissue)
What do reticular fibers in lymph nodes do
trap debris and bacteria; cortical tissue filters lymph and holds it
What breaks down the tissue debris and bacteria in lymph nodes
Macrophages and lymphocytes
How do Macrophages and lymphocytes break down bacteria and debris in lymph nodes
Either engulf or lyse (break down cell membrane)
Trabeculae
Specialized bands of connective tissue that divide lymph nodes
Afferent lymphatic vessels
Go INTO lymph nodes at cortical sinus
Efferent lymphatic vessels
filtered lymph LEAVES lymph nodes at hilus
Germinal layer of nodules in lymph nodes
harbor for lymphocytes
Where are lymphocytes in lymph nodes
germinal layer of nodules
What 2 places of body have high concentration of reticular fibers
lymph nodes and SPLEEN
Sub capsule sinus
In lymph nodes, space under capsule that holds macrophages
Outer cortex consists of…
In lymph nodes, Has nodules with germinal layer centers that HAVE B-cell lymphocytes
Deep cortex consists of…
In lymph nodes, T- cell lymphocytes! (close to medulla)
Medulla consists of..
In lymph nodes, medullary cords with B-cell lymphocytes and plasma cells
Peyer’s patches
abdominal cavity- inside walls of small intestine that have macrophages and lymphocytes
Thymus
Big gland when born then goes down in size; above heart; where T cells learn self from non self
What are tonsils
NOT lymph nodes, they’re lymphatic vessels that contain lymphocytes and macrophages
4 parts of tonsils
Pharyngeal (adenoids)
Palatine (the tonsils)
Lingual
Tubal (entrance: pharynx/auditory tubes)
Largest lymphoid organ
SPLEEN
Does the spleen have lymphocytes
Yes site for lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response
What does the spleen store
breakdown products of RBC for later processing by liver AND stores platelets; iron
Main function of spleen
blood-cleansing function- extracts old and defective blood cells and platelets; removal of bacteria, viruses, toxins, debris
Spleen in fetus
site of erythrocyte production in fetus; function can be restored in CRISIS (ex: severe RBC depletion)
Do lymph vessels have pressure
No, they get lymph back to vascular system by breathing, muscle contraction, and valves
Thoracic duct
MOST lymph in body drains here; legs, and left head and arm
Matastisize
When cancer has spread
Lymphedema
Swelling caused from absence or malfunction of lymph vessels bc lymph isn’t draining properly back into vascular system so it accumulates
