Lymphatic System

Question 1

Lacteals

Answer 1

specialized lymph vessels in small intestine that play a role in fat digestion; return lipids to cisterna chyli

Question 2

How does the lymph system protect against invasion

Answer 2

Has fighters in lymph nodes that take out bacteria

Question 3

Pulmonary circuit of heart

Answer 3

Right side

Question 4

Systemic circuit of heart

Answer 4

Left side

Question 5

Routes of fluid transport

Answer 5

lymph capillaries–> lymph vessels–> lymph nodes (filter)–> vessel–> lymphatic trunks–> thoracic (left) duct OR right duct–> left/right subclavian vein

Question 6

What blood cells live in lymph node

Answer 6

Lymphocytes (macrophages)

Question 7

purpose of subclavian veins

Answer 7

collect all lymph from body so body gets fluid back that it lost

Question 8

What do lymph veins carry

Answer 8

lymph and some WBC no RBC!

Question 9

Lymph vein size comparison

Answer 9

bigger than lymph capillaries smaller than veins, but same three layers

Question 10

2 areas where lymph nodes are heavily concentrated

Answer 10

Axillary and groin

Question 11

Cysterna chyli

Answer 11

Enlargement of the thoracic duct

Question 12

From where does the cysterna chyli receive lymph

Answer 12

Lower abdomen, pelvis, and lower limbs

Question 13

Hilus

Answer 13

indentation in lymph node and kidney

Question 14

Afferent

Answer 14

SAME

Sensory=afferent (going in)

Question 15

Efferent

Answer 15

SAME

Motor=efferent (going out)

Question 16

How big are lymph nodes

Answer 16

0.5-1 inch

Question 17

Tissue in lymph nodes

Answer 17

Phagocytic, reticular cortical tissue adapted to filter lymph

Question 18

Cortex (cortical)

Answer 18

outer region (reticular cortical tissue)

Question 19

Medulla

Answer 19

Inner region

Question 20

What kind of fibers are in lymph nodes

Answer 20

reticular fibers (reticular cortical tissue)

Question 21

What do reticular fibers in lymph nodes do

Answer 21

trap debris and bacteria; cortical tissue filters lymph and holds it

Question 22

What breaks down the tissue debris and bacteria in lymph nodes

Answer 22

Macrophages and lymphocytes

Question 23

How do Macrophages and lymphocytes break down bacteria and debris in lymph nodes

Answer 23

Either engulf or lyse (break down cell membrane)

Question 24

Trabeculae

Answer 24

Specialized bands of connective tissue that divide lymph nodes

Question 25

Afferent lymphatic vessels

Answer 25

Go INTO lymph nodes at cortical sinus

Question 26

Efferent lymphatic vessels

Answer 26

filtered lymph LEAVES lymph nodes at hilus

Question 27

Germinal layer of nodules in lymph nodes

Answer 27

harbor for lymphocytes

Question 28

Where are lymphocytes in lymph nodes

Answer 28

germinal layer of nodules

Question 29

What 2 places of body have high concentration of reticular fibers

Answer 29

lymph nodes and SPLEEN

Question 30

Sub capsule sinus

Answer 30

In lymph nodes, space under capsule that holds macrophages

Question 31

Outer cortex consists of...

Answer 31

In lymph nodes, Has nodules with germinal layer centers that HAVE B-cell lymphocytes

Question 32

Deep cortex consists of...

Answer 32

In lymph nodes, T- cell lymphocytes! (close to medulla)

Question 33

Medulla consists of..

Answer 33

In lymph nodes, medullary cords with B-cell lymphocytes and plasma cells

Question 34

Peyer's patches

Answer 34

abdominal cavity- inside walls of small intestine that have macrophages and lymphocytes

Question 35

Thymus

Answer 35

Big gland when born then goes down in size; above heart; where T cells learn self from non self

Question 36

What are tonsils

Answer 36

NOT lymph nodes, they're lymphatic vessels that contain lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 37

4 parts of tonsils

Answer 37

Pharyngeal (adenoids) Palatine (the tonsils) Lingual Tubal (entrance: pharynx/auditory tubes)

Question 38

Largest lymphoid organ

Answer 38

SPLEEN

Question 39

Does the spleen have lymphocytes

Answer 39

Yes site for lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response

Question 40

What does the spleen store

Answer 40

breakdown products of RBC for later processing by liver AND stores platelets; iron

Question 41

Main function of spleen

Answer 41

blood-cleansing function- extracts old and defective blood cells and platelets; removal of bacteria, viruses, toxins, debris

Question 42

Spleen in fetus

Answer 42

site of erythrocyte production in fetus; function can be restored in CRISIS (ex: severe RBC depletion)

Question 43

Do lymph vessels have pressure

Answer 43

No, they get lymph back to vascular system by breathing, muscle contraction, and valves

Question 44

Thoracic duct

Answer 44

MOST lymph in body drains here; legs, and left head and arm

Question 45

Matastisize

Answer 45

When cancer has spread

Question 46

Lymphedema

Answer 46

Swelling caused from absence or malfunction of lymph vessels bc lymph isn't draining properly back into vascular system so it accumulates