Respiratory 2 Flashcards
Amount of air inspired or expired during a normal breath
Tidal volume
Tidal volume formula
10cc/kg
The amount of extra air we can forcibly inhale or exhale after a normal breath is called
Reserve volume
Air that was breathed into lungs when first born, always there cannot be removed
Residual volume
Cheyne-stokes are patterns of respiration seen when
A patient is about to die
Area between nostrils and alveoli where gas exchange is not occurring
Dead space
Gas exchange is not occurring in dead space, but what is?
Warming, humidifying, and filtering of air
Physiological dead space
Non functioning alveoli
Fluid lungs keeping alveoli from collapsing
Surfactant; a fatty type fluid which breaks down the surface tension within the alveoli
This is made in the lungs during the last trimester of pregnancy. Important for maturing the babies lungs
Surfactant
Drugs to give mothers of premature babies who haven’t developed surfactant yet
Cortisone drugs
O2 is highest where, lowest where
Highest in alveoli, lowest in pulmonary capillaries
CO2 highest where, lowest where
Highest in pulmonary arteries
Lowest in alveoli
RBCs pick up ____ and leave ____
O2, CO2
Hemoglobin in blood in pulmonary veins is ____% saturated w O2
97%
Where respiratory center in brain is located that controls respiration
Medulla
The #1 stimulus for respiratory center is
The CO2 level in blood
Air passages are lined w hairlike projections called
Cilia
What causes coughing or sneezing
When cilia in airways get overwhelmed (dust)
Cases where epiglottis closes
Coughing, parturition, defecation, micturition
Micturition
Urination
Normal resp. rates for horse/cow
Dog/cat
Horse/cow: 10-20
Dog/cat: 15-30
Best place to listen to lungs
Cranial/ventral
Harsh lung noises
Rales
Term for a nose bleed
Epistaxis
A horse w an infected gutteral pouch may get
Nose bleeds (epistaxis)
Free air in chest around lungs, prevents lungs from expanding normally.
Pneumothorax
Non cancerous growths from eardrum to ear canal or Eustachian tube
Nasopharyngeal polyps
