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A n' P > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial and dorsal portion of the heart

Site for entry and exit of major blood vessels

A

Base

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2
Q

Point of heart, free, not attached by ligaments or blood vessels. Points causally and ventrally

A

Apex

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3
Q

Connective tissue sac that surrounds the heart, made of 2 layers

A

Pericardium

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4
Q

The pericardial sac is filled with ______ ______ which serves as a lubricant as heart beats

A

Pericardial fluid

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5
Q

An increase in fluid around heart, constricting it and making it so it can’t expand as much can cause

A

Heart failure

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6
Q

Name for hardware disease

A

Traumatic reticulo-pericardis

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7
Q

Hardware disease can cause what to build up around the heart
Leads to

A

Pus (if nicks pericardial sac)

Leads to washing machine murmur

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8
Q

How to treat hardware disease

A

Pericardial stripping

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9
Q

Where foreign objects go in a cow’s stomach

A

Reticulum

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10
Q

Which side handles unoxygenated blood, which side handles oxygenated blood

A

Unoxygenated: right
Oxygenated: left

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11
Q

Where the right atrium receives blood from

A

The crania and caudal vena cava

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12
Q

The cranial vena cava drains blood from the_______. The caudal vena cava drains blood from the _____

A

Head

Body

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13
Q

Valve in right atrium that keeps blood going in right direction and not regurgitating back into the atria

A

Atrio-ventricular or tricuspid valve

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14
Q

Chamber that sends blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery to pick up O2 and discard CO2

A

Right ventricle

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15
Q

What chamber the pulmonary valve is located in, keeps blood from flowing back

A

Right ventricle

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16
Q

The only artery in the body with oxygen poor blood

A

Pulmonary artery

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17
Q

In the lungs _____ leaves the blood and ______ is picked up

A

CO2 leaves, O2 is picked up

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18
Q

The only vein in the body with oxygen rich blood

A

Pulmonary vein

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19
Q

Which chamber the oxygen rich blood from the lungs goes to

A

The left atrium

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20
Q

Valve in the left atrium that sends blood to the left ventricle

A

Left A-V valve or mitral valve

21
Q

The valve located in the left ventricle that sends blood to the rest of the body

A

Aortic valve

22
Q

Which has thinner walls the atria or ventricles

A

Atria

23
Q

Which ventricle has a thicker wall

A

Left

24
Q

Each valve is attached to the ______ in the ventricular walls by fibrous cords called _____ _______

A

Papillary muscles

Chordae tendinae

25
Q

When the valves evert back into the atria

A

Valve prolapse

26
Q

When the ventricles contract the valves are forced closed. What keeps the valves from going the wrong way

A

The chordae tendinae

27
Q

Outer
Middle
Inner layer of heart

A

Outer: pericardium
Middle: myocardium
Inner: endocardium

28
Q

Medical term for a heart attack

A

Myocardial infarction

29
Q

Diastole

Systole

A

Rest

Contract

30
Q

First heart sound (Lub)

A

A-V valves close

31
Q

Second heart sound, (dub)

A

Aortic and pulmonary valves shut

32
Q

Both heart sounds occur during

A

Ventricular systole

33
Q

A third heart sound may be heard, this is

A

The ventricles filling

34
Q

How heart murmurs are ranked

A

I-V
1 being hard to hear
5 being easy

35
Q

Things that can cause heart murmurs

A

Valve problems
Structural abnormalities
Thickening of vessel walls
Anemia

36
Q

Valves not closing properly (valve insufficiency) causes

A

Blood leaks back causing noise

37
Q

Valve insufficiency in seen old dogs

A

Mitral insufficiency

Lub-shh-dub

38
Q

Valve damage from a bacterial infection is seen in

Shh-shh-shh

A

Cows w hardware disease

39
Q

Valve insufficiency is seen in people with

A

Strep throat or rheumatic fever

40
Q

The connection between atrium in fetuses that closes after birth

A

Patent foramen ovale

41
Q

When the foramen ovale doesn’t seal after birth

A

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

42
Q

Thickening of blood vessels

A

Stenosis

43
Q

What PDA sounds like

A

Constant noise, may feel thrill from blood turbulence

44
Q

Effects of stenosis on heart

A

Valve can’t open completely, increased noise due to blood having increased pressure going through a narrower opening

45
Q

What anemia is

A

Blood thin with fewer RBC’s

Blood less viscous

46
Q

When the heart valves don’t close properly, the heart pumps ___x as much blood

A

2

47
Q

Effect of PDA on animal

A

Unoxygenated blood circulating, animal is weak

48
Q

Effect of anemia

A

Animal becomes weak

A n' P (24 decks)

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