respiration 1 Flashcards
what are 2 types of respiration?
internal, external
what are 2 zones of respiratory system + what are they/ ?
conductiong zone - nose,pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles (upper airways)
Respiratory zone - lower lungs , aveoli
WHat is function of upper airways/ conducting zone?
filter incoming air
warm air (to body temp)
humidify air
(this increase gas exchange efficiency)
what is structure of bronchial wall?
is reinforced with cartilidge
smooth muscle
elastic tissue.
mucous glands (moisture layer)
what does respiratory epithelium contain?
goblet cells - mucous secretion
is ciliated
sensory nerve endings
what is bronchiole structure?
lacks cartilidge support
has smooth muscle
lined by respiratory epithelium
give features of aveoli
thin wall, large SA, fed by terminal bronchioles
what is air-blood barrier?
sandwich of flattened(thin) cytoplasm of type 1 pneumocyte and capillary wall.
what are 2 processes of ventilation?
inhalation and exhalation
what is responsible for movement of air?
air moves down a press gradient
inhalation Patm > Paveoli
expiration Paveoli>Patm
what muscles are used during quiet inspiration?
primary respiration muscles - diaphragm , external intercostals (contract)
what is boyles law?
states the the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship
(if volume increases, pressure decreases) - air moves down gradient
what muscles are used in forced inspiration?
primary and secondary inspiration muscles scalenes Sternocleidomastoids Neck and back Muscles Upper respiratory tract muscles.
what process is quiet expiration?
is a passive process involving elastic recoil
diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relaxes
what is involved in forced expiration?
accessory muscles
- internal intercostals contract
- abdominal muscles contract
- neck and back muscles contract
