Kidneys Flashcards
What does Vasopressin/ADH regulate?
body fluid osmolality - ratain H2O
Where is vasopressin released from?
Supra-optic and paraventicular nucleas - POSTERIOR PITUITARY - PITUITARY GLAND.
How does ADH release change according to body fluid osmolality.?
As body fluid osmolality increases, so does the release of vasopressin (retains water)
What happens to ADH in central diabetes insipidus?
ADH/vasopressin is not released
What happens to ADH in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
There is no response VP as a defect in vasopressin receptor + H2O channel.
What does aldosterone regulate?
Plasma K+ and Na+ and body fluid volume.
What type of hormone is aldosterone?
A mineralocorticoid
Where is aldosterone released from?
The zona glomerulosa (outer area) in the adrenal cortex of the adrenal gland.
What causes the release of aldosterone?
Decrease in Na+, Decrease in ECF volume. Increase in K+
What does aldosterone cause?
Reabsorption of Na+ and H2O, Secretion of H+ and K+
Why does aldosterone have little effect on Na+ conc?
Because vasopressin fixes these levels more quickly
What hormone does aldosterone coordinate with to retain ECF volume?
Renin-angiotensin
Name 2 aldosterone related disorders/diseases
liddles syndrome, pseudohypoaldosteronism
What happens in liddles syndrome?
Hypertension, Na+ reabsorption but low aldosterone as too many Na+ channels.
WHat happens in pseudohypoaldosteronism?
Hypotension. Salt lost but high aldosterone as there is a loss of response to aldosterone.
What does renin-angiotensin regulate?
plasma Na+, k+ and ECF volume.
Where is angiotensin released from?
juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)
What are the effects of angiotensin II ?
Increase in plasma Na+ and ECF volume, increase in blood pressure (causes vasoconstriction)
What is the macula densa sensitive to?
tubular flow rate and NaCl
What converts angiotensin I into angiotensin II?
ACE - angiotensin converting enzyme.
