blood pressure Flashcards
why is circulation dual?
made up or pulmonary and systemic part
where is pressure higher pulm or syst?
pressure is higher in systemic than pulmonary
what is equation for mean arterial blood pressure? (MABP)
MABP = diastolic + 1/3 pulse pressure
what is pulse pressure equation?
pulse pressure = systolic pressure-diastolic pressure
what is blood pressure equation?
BP= cardiac output x peripheral resistance
what is cardiac output equation?
cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate
what are korotkoff sounds?
first = loud tapping (systolic)
muffling sound = diastolic
what is systolic pressure effected by?
stroke volume and ejection velocity
what is diastolic pressure effected by?
total peripheral resistance and blood flow
what is responsible for short and long term arterial \bp control?
short term = baroreceptors
long term = blood volume control
what happens to arterial pressure when lieing down?
head arterial pressure increases, feet AP decreases.
how can total peripheral resistance (TPR) increase?
by vasoconstriction by angiotensinII or sympathetic agonists of a1 receptors
increase in sympathetic flow = constriction
how can you increase cardiac output?
increase stroke volume or heart rate.
sympathetic agonists of b1 receptors and digitalis
how can you decrease TPR
VASODILATION by sympathetic antagonists at a1 receptors
e.g.prazosin
how can you decrease CO?
decrease stroke volume or HR
sympathetic antagonists at b1 receptors
ca+ channel blockers
