Resp Emerg & Thoracic Trauma Ch. 8 Flashcards
Anatomical airway differences b/t peds and adults (9)
- trachea is shorter
- right mainstem bronchus is straighter allowing for easier intubation error
- narrow at cricoid cartilage leading to funnel shape and aspiration/choking risk
- large occiput leading to physical airway compromise when laying on their back
5, preferential nose breathers until 6 months, so nasal congestion can lead to respiratory difficulties - decreased O2 stores
- ribs more horizontal and intercostals weaker, making it harder to increase Tv when needed, must increase resp rate
- thin chest wall easily transmits sounds making auscultation of adventitious sounds location like diminished BS more difficult p.68
How long of an apneic pause is normal in preterm?
up to 10 seconds p.68
How is apnea defined?
cessation of breathing for 20 or more seconds p.68
How often should you reposition POX probes
4-8 hours to prevent pressure necrosis p.69
At what age is the cricoid usually palpbale?
12 yo
90% of ped stridor is caused by ?
Viral croup p.71
Most common age for croup?
6 mo to 3 yr p.71
Describe evolution of croup s/sx?
1-3 days of fever and nasal congestion followed by the sudden onset of the barky cough.
Mild to moderate croup TX?
Dexamehtasone, epi neb and 3-4 hrs of obs
XR signs seen in croup
“steeple sign” p. 71
What is Heliox?
Heluim and O2 reduces airway resistance and aids in ventilation. p. 71
DC instructions for croup?
Expose child to cool air (open freezer) or steamy bathroom p. 72
Describe the resp. phase in asthma?
May have prolonged expirations p. 72
At what age can a child perform peak flow?
4-5 p. 72
If intubation is required in asthma what med is recommended?
ketamine b/c it bronchodilators p. 72
