General Flashcards
When are respirations assessed in the ABCD algorithm?
During BREATHING not AIRWAY
When do you address issues and abnormalities?
As they are found
What medication is used to correct hypoglycemia in peds?
D10 or D25, not D50 it causes phlebitis
D25 dose for peds
2-4 ml/kg
What does a sharkfin shaped capno waveform suggest?
Airway obstruction
Age range for numeric pain scale
6-17
Age range for FACES scale
4-12
Do analgesics mask exam symptoms?
No,
Should you Remove children from car seat for assessment
yes
What age range is the Jump START method appropriate for ?
under 8
What age range is the Jump START method appropriate for?
under 8
What age is the START method appropriate for
older than 8
What are the 5 components of JumpSTART?
- able to walk
- breathing
- resp rate
- palpable pulse
- AVPU
What are the 5 components of START?
- able to walk
- spontaneous breathing
- resp rate
- perfusion
- mental status
What is GREEN mean
minor
What does YELLOW mean
delayed (have hours to treat)
What does red mean in JumpSTART triage?
immediate (minutes to treat)
What does black mean in JumpSTART triage?
deceased (or unlikely to survive)
What is a hot wash?
a review of the disaster response
How soon should the CISD take place?
within 24-72 hours
7 phases of debriefing
- introduction
- facts
- thoughts
- reactions
- symptoms
- teaching/information
- reentry
What is defusing?
Similar to debriefing, but takes place in 8-10 hours
What are the 3 main segments of defusing?
- introduction
- exploration
- information
What is CISM?
critical incident stress managment
What does CISM include?
1, precrises intervention
- large scale mobilization
- informational briefings
- staff advisement
- defusing/CISD
- one on one support
- organizational consultation, family crises intervention
5 primary blast injuries
- blast lung
- eardrum rupture
- eye rupture
- concussion w/0 physical injury
- abd hemm and perforation
3 secondary blast injuries
- penetrating or blunt injuroes
- eye penetration
- closed or open brain inuries
3 tertiary blast injuries
- closed and open brain injuries
- fracture or amputation
- crush injuries
4 quaternary blast inuries
- angina
- low BGL, HTN
- breathing dust
- skin burns
Contemplate dextrose infusion even in infants/children not hypoglycemic
NA
Can you place a child on a cardiac monitor under initial assessment “C”?
Yes if a cardiac cause is suspected.
May obtaIN 12 lead in C if indicated
NA
Use blow by O2 only as a last resort
NA
Age range for rFLACC scale
2mo-7 years
What is the relationship between neonates and fever
“Their immune system leaves them unable to generate a fever” (video)
Respiratory rate for JumpStart Triage RED
<15 or >45
Intervention for a child with apnea and a pulse
open airway, 5 rescue breaths
What is preload?
The amount of blood returning to the heart
What is afterload?
The amount of resistance the blood leaving the heart must overcome to enter the peripheral vasculature.
What BP parameters indicate an increased SVR?
Narrow PP and increased DBP
Age range for numeric pain scale
6-17
Age range for VAS visual analog scale?
5-17
Age range for FACES?
4-12
What does decorticate posturing indicate?
damage to cerebral hemisphere
What does decerebate posturing indicate
damage to brainstem or midbrain (more ominous)
What can nystagmus indicate
cerebellar injury
What was found in 70% of seizures with no other cause
Hyponatremia from diluted formula
What works as well to stop seizures as valium when given IM, nasally or buccaly?
versed p. 155
What can be used to treat refractory seizures?
propofol or ketamine
If a seizure lasts 5-15 min what is the treatment/
2nd benzo does and phenytoin
What is the treatment for a seizure that lasts 15-30 minutes?
phenobarbitol, benzo infusion, considers intubation p.155
How does a higher H2O content in children affect injuries?
Makes brain more susceptible to acceleration/deceleration injuries p. 162
What may be used to treat cerebral edema?
Hypertonic saline
Target CPP ranges based on age?
0-5 yo 40-50 mmHg
5-17 yo 50-60 mmHg
What increases the risk of shear injuries in peds?
less myelination.
