Resistance exercise 2 2.0

Question 1

What happens as a result of a new ATP binding to the myosin head?

Answer 1

The head is released from the actin binding site

Question 2

What happens if there is still calcium left in the cell once the myosin head has released?

Answer 2

It will attach to the next nearest actin filament binding site

Question 3

What happens if there is no Ca2+ or ATP?

Answer 3

The process stops

Question 4

What is hypertrophy?

Answer 4

Net muscle gain

Question 5

What is atrophy?

Answer 5

Net muscle loss

Question 6

What happens to muscle synthesis when amino acids are ingested?

Answer 6

The rate of muscle synthesis increases

Question 7

What happens to the rate of muscle breakdown when AAs are ingested?

Answer 7

decreases

Question 8

What happens to the rate of muscle synthesis a while after AA ingestion?

Answer 8

Decreases

Question 9

What happens to the rate of muscle breakdown a while after AA ingestion?

Answer 9

Increases/ returns to original level

Question 10

What happens to muscle breakdown if you do exercise a while after eating?

Answer 10

It increases higher than it would do if you hadn’t done exercise

Question 11

What happens to muscle synthesis if you do exercise after eating?

Answer 11

It increases a lot

Question 12

How does muscle synthesis increase after doing exercise?

Answer 12

The anabolic response is primed as a result of doing resistance exercise

Question 13

How long is the anabolic response primed post exercise?

Answer 13

24-48 hrs

Question 14

What happens to hypertrophy after the onset of training?

Answer 14

It is delayed

Question 15

Why is hypertrophy delayed after training?

Answer 15

A lot of the muscle protein synthesis is repairing the muscles that were damaged as a result of the training, so it isnt “new” muscle

Question 16

What happens to muscle synthesis as you train more?

Answer 16

There is less muscle damage, so more of the muscle synthesis is going to hypertrophy instead of repair

Question 17

Why do muscles look larger after training even though they have been damaged?

Answer 17

Oedema induced muscle swelling

Question 18

What is Oedema induced muscle swelling?

Answer 18

A swelling in response to the muscles being damaged

Question 19

What happens as a result of Oedema induced muscle swelling?

Answer 19

The muscle size/cross sectional area is artificially increased

Question 20

Why does hypertrophy slowly plateau as you train more?

Answer 20

The “priming effect” loses its potency so less hypertrophy occurs

Question 21

What did the Damas 2017 study show about trained muscle hypertrophy effect in response to damage compared to non-trained muscle?

Answer 21

The initial increase in hypertrophy immediately post training for the trained muscle was the same as the untrained muscle (“priming effect”) however it dropped off over time a lot faster than the untrained muscle did

Question 22

What is muscle fibre hypertrophy?

Answer 22

The muscle cells getting bigger

Question 23

What is muscle fibre hyperplasia?

Answer 23

The amount of cells increasing

Question 24

What increases post resistance training?

Answer 24

Fibre hypertrophy

Question 25

How does myofiber hypertrophy happen?

Answer 25

myofibril splitting

Question 26

What is a myofibril?

Answer 26

An organelle in a muscle cell

Question 27

Role of myofibril?

Answer 27

produce contraction

Question 28

Why is it a challenge to measure hyperplasia

Answer 28

Would have to chop leg in half, count number of cells, do exercise, chop leg in half and count cells again

Question 29

When does hyperplasia definitely occur?

Answer 29

In utero (when foetus is growing)

Question 30

At what point in utero does myofiber hyperplasia stop?

Answer 30

24 weeks (60-70% of mammalian gestation)