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HL22015 physiology > Resistance exercise 1 2.0 > Flashcards

Resistance exercise 1 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q

What is resistance exercise?

A

Any exercise that causes the muscle to contract against an external resistance with the primary aim of improving muscle strength

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1
Q

Three types of resistance exercise?

A

Concentric, eccentric, isometric

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2
Q

How do concentric exercises work?

A

They shorten the muscle

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3
Q

How do eccentric exercises work?

A

They lengthen the muscle

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4
Q

How do isometric exercises work?

A

They generate force without changing the length of the muscle

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5
Q

Issue with definition of resistance exercise?

A

“external resistance” is a relative term

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6
Q

What is strength?

A

Capacity to exert force under a set of biomechanical conditions

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7
Q

What is the short term effect of resistance training?

A

negative

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8
Q

Actual short term effects of resistance training?

A

Fatiguing, damaging

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9
Q

What is supercompensation?

A

An increase in capacity after a recovery from a resistance exercise

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10
Q

What is involution?

A

The returning to original capacity after a supercomposition if nothing is done to maintain it

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11
Q

What makes a muscle stronger?

A

size

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12
Q

What attaches a muscle to a bone?

A

A tendon

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13
Q

Name for a bundle of muscle fibres?

A

Fasiculus

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14
Q

How many myofibrils in a single muscle fibre?

A

roughly 2000

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15
Q

What makes up muscle fasicles?

A

Muscle fibres

16
Q

How many myonuclei per muscle fibre?

A

200-300

17
Q

What connects myosin to Z lines?

A

titin

18
Q

Step 1 of muscle contraction?

A

AP arrives at neuromuscular junction

19
Q

What happens after AP arrives at neuromuscular junction?

A

ACh is released

20
Q

What happens as a result of ACh release in muscle?

A

Depolarization as a result of binding to receptors in myocyte membrane

21
Q

What happens as a result of depolarisation?

A

Ca2+ is released inside the cell from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

22
Q

What does Ca2+ bind to after being released?

A

Troponin

23
Q

What happens as a result of Ca2+ binding to tropinin?

A

Troponin changes shape

24
Q

What happens as a result of troponin changing shape?

A

Tropomyosin is moved from the active site of the actin filament

25
Q

What happens after tropomyosin has moved from the actin filament’s active site?

A

Myosin attaches to actin, forming a cross bridge at a binding site?

26
Q

What happens as a result of myosin forming a cross bridge?

A

ATP attached to the myosin head it broken down to release energy for a power stroke of the myosin filament

27
Q

What happens as a result of a power stroke?

A

Z lines move together

28
Q

What does it mean if Z lines have moved together?

A

Sarcomere length is reduced–> contracting

29
Q

What happens after the Z lines have moved closer together?

A

A new ATP molecule binds to the myosin head

HL22015 physiology (17 decks)

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