Reproductive system male, lecture

Question 1

Sperm + ovum =

Answer 1

Zygote

Question 2

What is the process of creating games in males and females called?

Answer 2

Spermatogenesis

Oogenesis

Question 3

Some general functions of the reproductive system

Answer 3

Produces and transports gametes
Maintain developing fetus
Produce sex hormones
Maintain gamets

Question 4

How many chromosomes in a haploid cell?

Somatic?

Answer 4

23

46

Question 5

Which stage of meiosis replicates chromosomes?

Answer 5

Interphase

Question 6

Prophase 1

Answer 6

DNA condenses
Nuclear envelope disappears
spindles start to form
Crossing over

Question 7

What are the visable chromosomes called?

Answer 7

Tetrads

Question 8

What chromosomes are involved in crossing over? What is the purpose of this process?

Answer 8

Maternal and paternal

Genetic shuffling

Question 9

In which phases of cell division does genetic recombination take place?

Answer 9

Prophase 1 and Metaphase 1

Question 10

Metaphase 1

Answer 10

Chromosomes line up on equator and spindles are formed

Question 11

Anaphase 1

Answer 11

Homologous pairs separate and move to opposite poles

Cleavage furrow starts to form

Question 12

Telophase 1 and cytokenesis

Answer 12

cleavage furrow is complete,

2 daughter cells result that are haploid

Question 13

What is the result of meiosis 2?
What is another name for meiosis 2?
Meiosis 1?

Answer 13

4 gametes with 23 chromosomes

Equatorial division

Reduction and division

Question 14

What is the product of oogenesis?

Why

Answer 14

1 viable ovum and 3 polar bodies

Because there is an uneven split in cytokenesis

Question 15

Primary sex organ of males and its function?

Answer 15

Testes - produces sperm and hormones

Question 16

What and where do the testes originate from?
When do they move into the scrotum? And why?

How do the testes move into the scrotum?

Answer 16

Retroperitoneal masses of tissues near kidneys

7-8 months of gestation, the descent is stimulated by testosterone

The gubernaculum pulls the testes, vas deferens, and blood vessels through the Inguinal canal into the scrotum

Question 17

What makes of part of the spermatic cord during development?

Answer 17

The vas deferens and blood vessels

Question 18

What is the basic structure of the testes?

What cells compose the working elements of testes?
What is the basic function of these cells?

Answer 18

Divided into lobules
Has 2 tunics

Tunica Vaginalis
Tunica Albuginea

Seminiferous tubules - production of sperm
interstitial cells of leydig - production of male sex hormones

Question 19

Which cells produce make sex hormones?

Answer 19

Interstiatial cells of leydig

Question 20

What creates the epididymis? What is its function?

Answer 20

United seminiferous tubules

Sperm matures there

Question 21

In the seminiferous tubules, which cells create sperm?

Which cells are for nutrients?

Answer 21

Spermatogenic cells

Sustentacular cells (sertoli)

Question 22

What is the function of the germinal cells in the testes?

What is another term for the germinal cells in males?

Answer 22

They can do mitotic division to make more germinal cells or they can start the meiotic process

Spermatogonia cells

Question 23

Are the germinal/spermatogonia cells N or 2N

Where are they located?

Answer 23

2N

In the seminiferous tubules

Question 24

How many chromosomes in the Primary Spermatocyte?

Secondary?

What Type of division is each in?

Answer 24

Primary - 46 chromosomes - Meiosis 1

Secondary - 23 chromosomes - Meiosis 2

Question 25

Describe the structure and traits of sperm

Answer 25

Head - containing 23 chromosomes and Acrosome (enzymes to penetrate oocyte) Body- mitochondria to produce ATP for energy Flagellum - tail for locomotion

Question 26

What is the Vas deferens? Where is it located? What does it fuse to?

Answer 26

Tube that sperm travel through Muscular tube that goes from the testes through the inguinal canal into the abdominal cavity Fuses with the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct

Question 27

Vas Deferens + seminal vesicle =

Answer 27

ejaculatory duct

Question 28

What is the purpose of the seminal vesicles? Were is it located?

Answer 28

Secretes Alkaline fluid that is rich in nutrients (fructose for energy) Attached to Vas Deferens

Question 29

Where is the prostate gland? What is its function?

Answer 29

Surrounds the urethra below the bladder Secretes milk alkaline fluid that enhances sperm motility

Question 30

Why does the sperm need to be in an alkaline fluid | "?

Answer 30

Because the vagina is acidic and it would kill it otherwise

Question 31

What produces lubricant for the penis? Where is it located?

Answer 31

The bulbourethral gland Two exocrine structures beneath the prostate

Question 32

What is semen? Where does each component come from?

Answer 32

Sperm cells - testes Alkaline fluids - prostate Fructose - Seminal vesicles Lubricant - Bulbourethral

Question 33

What elevates the scrotum during arousal and exposure to cold?

Answer 33

Cremaster muscle

Question 34

What is the male excitatory organ? | What tissues make it up?

Answer 34

Penis Corpus cavernosum Corpus spongiosum

Question 35

What does the corpus spogiosum create? What surrounds the erectile tissue?

Answer 35

The glans penis at the distal end The bulb of the penis at the proximal end Tunica Albuginea

Question 36

What is the name of the skin that is removed during circumcision

Answer 36

The prepuce

Question 37

What is Emission? | What is ejaculation? what is compressed?

Answer 37

Movement of semen from epididymus into urethra Forceful movement of semen from urethra to outside crura and bulbs

Question 38

Describe the FSH and LH cycle for men and what it does?

Answer 38

Hypothalamus releases gonadatropin releasing hormone (GnRH) GnRH goes down the Hypophyseal portal system to the Ant. Pituitary GnRH binds to gonadotropic cells releasing LH and FSH into the blood stream LH and FSH travel through the blood stream until they reach their target cells LH interactis with the interstital cells in the seminiferous tubules to produce testosterone FSH interacts with the spermatgenic cells in the testes to create sperm

Question 39

What is the negative feedback loop for FSH and LH?

Answer 39

Testes produce Inhibin as testosterone increases, this acts as a regulator for the hypothalamus