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First Year Anatomy (JBR) > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the male and female gametes?

A 
Male = Spermatozoa (Sperm)
Female = Oocyte (egg)
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2
Q

Are gametes haploid or diploid cells?

A

Haploid

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3
Q

What are the male gonads and what is their function?

A

Testis; Sperm production

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4
Q

What are the female goods and what is their function?

A

Ovaires; Oocyte production

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5
Q

What happens during fertilisation?

A

Combination of male and female gametes to produce a diploid zygote

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6
Q

Where does normal fertilisation take place?

A

Ampulla of the uterine/fallopian tube

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7
Q

What separates the pelvic cavity and the perineum?

A

Pelvic floor - and internal wall of skeletal muscle

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8
Q

Is the perineum inferior or superior to the pelvic floor?

A

Inferior

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9
Q

Which openings are there in the pelvic floor?

A

Distal alimentary, renal and reproductive tracts pass through

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10
Q

What is the pelvic roof formed by?

A

Parietal peritoneum

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11
Q

What is the lining of the abdominal cavity?

A

Parietal peritoneum

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12
Q

What is the most anterior structure in males?

A

The bladder (sometimes called the vesicle)

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13
Q

What are the female reproductive organs?

A

Ovaries

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14
Q

What are the accessory reproductive organs?

A

Uterine tubes, uterus and vagina

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15
Q

What are the 3 layer of the uterus wall?

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

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16
Q

Which layer of the uterus wall is shed during menstruation?

A

Endometrium

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17
Q

Where does the ova develop?

A

ovaries

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18
Q

How many ovums are released from the surface of the ovary into the peritoneal cavity per menstrual cycle?

A

1

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19
Q

The ovum is gathered by fimbriae into the ____ of the uterine tube

A

Infundibulum

20
Q

The ovum is moved along the uterine tube by___?

A

cilia

21
Q

During menstruation and unfertilised ovum is expelled by contractions of the ______

A

Myometrium

22
Q

What is an ectopic pregnancy?

A

Fertilised ovum implants outwit the uterine cavity

23
Q

What is the danger of ectopic pregnancy

A

Danger of haemorrhage

24
Q

How does voluntary female sterilisation occur?

A

Tubal ligation of both uterine tubes – clipped, cut or cauterised – to block the lumen

25
Q

Can female sterilisation be reversed?

A

Not designed - possible if done microscopically

26
Q

What is the anatomical position of the penis?

A

Erect

27
Q

What is the function of the urethra?

A

Passing of urine AND ejaculation of sperm

28
Q

Where do the testis originate during development?

A

Posterior wall of the abdominal cavity

29
Q

The testes descend into the scrotum by birth through the_________

A

anterior abdominal wall - inguinal canal

30
Q

What is the tube that sperm pass through following the testis into the scrotums?

A

The vas (deferens)

31
Q

Where is sperm produced?

A

Seminiferous tubules

32
Q

What is the temperature in the scrotum?

A

Approximately 1°C below core body temperature

33
Q

Where does sperm pass to from the testis? (2 steps towards vas)

A

Rete testis and then into the epididymis which becomes the vas deferent

34
Q

What adaptation of the scrotum allows reaction to changes in temperature?

A

Surrounded by smooth muscle - can contract/relax accordingly

35
Q

What does the spermatic cord contain?

A

Vas deferens
Testicular artery
Pampiniform plexus of veins

36
Q

What is testicular torsion and why is it dangerous?

A

Twisting of the spermatic cord
Disrupts blood supply causing severe pain
Danger of testicular necrosis

37
Q

How is having a plexus of veins an adaptation?

A

Allows exchange of heat optimising the environment for the product not spermatozoa

38
Q

What causes erection? Sympathetic or parasympathetic control?

A

parasympathetic control

39
Q

What happens during erection?

A

Arteries widen and since the outer fibrous part doesn’t really expand much the vein is restricted preventing blood flowing back; causing an erection

40
Q

What are the male reproductive organs?

A

Testis

41
Q

What are the male accessory reproductive organs?

A

Vas deferens, seminal glands, prostate gland and penis

42
Q

The urethra opens at the ______ of the penis

A

External urethral meatus

43
Q

Where does each vas deferent lie within?

A

Spermatic cord

44
Q

Each spermatic cor passes through the anterior abdominal wall within the ________ to reach the pelvic cavity

A

inguinal canal

45
Q

The vas deferent connects with the duct from a seminal gland to form an _______ containing semen

A

Ejaculatory duct

46
Q

The right and left ejaculatory ducts join together within the prostate gland and drain into the ___

A

urethra

First Year Anatomy (JBR) (14 decks)

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