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RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY > REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM > Flashcards

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

What congenital anomaly of the uterus involves paired uterine horns extending into the fallopian tubes?

A

Bicornuate uterus.

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2
Q

What is the most common congenital anomaly of the female reproductive system?

A

Bicornuate uterus.

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3
Q

What is a unicornuate uterus?

A

A uterus with an elongated cavity and a single fallopian tube.

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4
Q

What condition involves the complete duplication of the uterus, cervix, and vagina?

A

Uterus didelphys.

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5
Q

What is the most common cause of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?

A

Bacterial infection of the fallopian tubes.

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6
Q

What are the primary bacterial causes of PID?

A

Gonococcus, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus.

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7
Q

What condition is an infection of the breast, often occurring during lactation?

A

Mastitis

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8
Q

What bacteria most commonly cause mastitis?

A

Staphylococcus aureus.

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9
Q

What is a common imaging challenge in diagnosing mastitis?

A

Engorgement of breast tissue can obscure imaging results.

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10
Q

What is the most common ovarian cyst type in reproductive-aged women?

A

Follicular ovarian cysts.

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11
Q

What is a dermoid cyst (benign cystic teratoma)?

A

A germ cell tumor containing tissues like hair and teeth.

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12
Q

What is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy?

A

Cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary.

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13
Q

What benign breast tumor consists of fibrous and glandular tissue?

A

Fibroadenoma.

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14
Q

What condition is the most common disorder of the female breast?

A

Fibrocystic breasts.

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15
Q

What is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women?

A

Breast carcinoma.

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16
Q

What are common risk factors for breast cancer?

A

Early menstruation
late menopause
family history,
BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations.

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17
Q

What are the common forms of breast carcinoma?

A

Ductal carcinoma in situ and lobular carcinoma in situ.

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18
Q

What condition involves the development of an embryo outside the uterine cavity?

A

Ectopic pregnancy.

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19
Q

What is the most common site of ectopic pregnancy?

A

The fallopian tube.

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20
Q

What condition involves the placenta covering part or all of the cervical os?

A

Placenta previa.

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21
Q

What is placental abruption?

A

Premature separation of the placenta from the uterus.

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22
Q

What is polyhydramnios?

A

Excessive amniotic fluid during pregnancy.

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23
Q

What is oligohydramnios?

A

Too little amniotic fluid

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24
Q

What condition involves abnormal conception with no fetus present?

A

Hydatidiform mole.

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25
Q

What is cryptorchidism?

A

Undescended testes.

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26
Q

What is prostatic hyperplasia, and what causes it?

A

Benign enlargement of the prostate, often due to aging.

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27
Q

What is adenocarcinoma of the prostate?

A

A common form of prostate cancer.

28
Q

A benign, solid tumor of the uterus, also known as a uterine fibroid.

A

leiomyoma

29
Q

The most common malignancy of the uterus.

A

adenocarcinoma of the endometrium

30
Q

Distension of the fallopian tube with fluid, often related to infection.

A

hydrosalpinx

31
Q

what condition often results in chocolate cysts in the pelvis?

A

Endometriosis.

32
Q

A disorder involving polycystic ovaries, leading to amenorrhea and sterility.

A

Stein-Leventhal syndrome

33
Q

What is carcinoma of the cervix most commonly caused by?

A

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

34
Q

What are uterine fibroids composed of?

A

Smooth muscle tissue.

35
Q

A type of ovarian cyst that forms after ovulation and may cause pelvic discomfort.

A

corpus luteum cyst

36
Q

What is a tubo-ovarian abscess?

A

infection that affects the fallopian tubes and ovaries, often due to PID.

37
Q

What condition is associated with excessive androgen production in women, leading to infertility?

A

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).

38
Q

What is a benign ovarian tumor containing hair, teeth, and other tissue types?

A

Dermoid cyst (benign cystic teratoma).

39
Q

What is the most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding?

A

Endometrial carcinoma.

40
Q

What hormone is overproduced in women with uterine fibroids?

A

Estrogen.

41
Q

What condition is characterized by abnormal growth of epithelial cells around the neck of the uterus?

A

Cervical carcinoma or dysplasia.

42
Q

What vaccine has been approved to prevent HPV and cervical cancer?

A

Gardasil.

43
Q

What is the most common benign tumor of the female reproductive system?

A

Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas).

44
Q

What is carcinoma of the endometrium often preceded by?

A

Endometrial hyperplasia.

45
Q

What is the primary treatment for stage 0 endometrial cancer?

A

Hysterectomy.

46
Q

What condition involves excessive fluid around a developing fetus?

A

Polyhydramnios.

47
Q

What fetal abnormalities can result in oligohydramnios?

A

Poor kidney function or blocked ureters.

48
Q

What is an invasive form of a hydatidiform mole called?

A

Choriocarcinoma.

49
Q

What condition refers to a placenta that implants over the cervical opening?

A

Placenta previa.

50
Q

What is placental abruption?

A

Premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall.

51
Q

What is placenta percreta?

A

A condition in which the placenta grows into the myometrium and does not separate properly at delivery.

52
Q

What is prostatic hyperplasia?

A

Benign enlargement of the prostate gland.

53
Q

What condition is characterized by excessive growth of the prostate gland’s central and median lobes?

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

54
Q

What condition is characterized by swelling and inflammation of the testicles?

A

Orchitis.

55
Q

What is epididymitis?

A

Inflammation of the epididymis, usually due to infection.

56
Q

What is the most common form of testicular cancer?

A

Seminoma.

57
Q

What is a hydrocele?

A

A fluid-filled sac around a testicle.

58
Q

What is the most common benign tumor of the male reproductive system?

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

59
Q

What is the most common malignancy in young men?

A

Testicular cancer.

60
Q

What hormone is secreted by the testes and is responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics?

A

Testosterone.

61
Q

What is Peyronie’s disease?

A

A condition in which fibrous scar tissue causes the penis to curve during erections.

62
Q

What is a varicocele?

A

Enlarged veins in the scrotum.

63
Q

Surgical removal of one or both testicles.

A

orchiectomy

64
Q

A birth defect where the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis.

A

hypospadias

65
Q

A cyst that forms in the epididymis, often filled with sperm.

A

spermatocele

RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY (13 decks)

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