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RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY > HEMOPOEITIC SYSTEM > Flashcards

HEMOPOEITIC SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

A hereditary disorder causing abnormal hemoglobin levels, leading to sickle-shaped RBCs and organ failure.

A

Sickle Cell Disease

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2
Q

A hereditary disorder due to a deficiency in plasma clotting factor VIII, affecting males.

A

Hemophilia A

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3
Q

What is Hemophilia B?

A

Caused by a deficiency in plasma clotting factor IX, similar in presentation to Hemophilia A.

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4
Q

Affects both males and females due to deficiency in plasma clotting factor XI.

A

Hemophilia C

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5
Q

What is von Willebrand Disease?

A

hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a defect in von Willebrand factor, leading to nosebleeds and gastrointestinal bleeding.

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6
Q

Inherited disorders of hemoglobin, common in Mediterranean or African populations.

A

Thalassemias

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7
Q

A cancer of B cells in the plasma leading to bone damage, anemia, and renal issues.

A

Multiple Myeloma

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8
Q

Neoplastic disease causing overproduction of WBCs, disrupting normal blood production.

A

Leukemia

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9
Q

Affects both children and adults, leading to anemia, fatigue, and bone pain.

A

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

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10
Q

Mostly affects individuals over 60 years old, with asymptomatic onset and lymph node enlargement.

A

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

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11
Q

What is Acute Myelocytic Leukemia (AML)?

A

Rapidly progressing leukemia that affects the bone marrow and organs.

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12
Q

What is Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia (CML)?

A

Slowly progressing leukemia, leading to bone pain and splenomegaly.

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13
Q

What is Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

A

malignancy of lymphoid cells found in lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen.

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14
Q

Characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, affects lymphoid tissue.

A

Hodgkin Lymphoma

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15
Q

A fungal infection common in AIDS patients, affecting the lungs.

A

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

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16
Q

A common malignancy in AIDS patients, affecting skin and lungs.

A

Kaposi Sarcoma

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17
Q

Used to evaluate blood cell counts, infections, or malignancies.

A

Bone Marrow Biopsy

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18
Q

responsible for the production of blood cells in the body.

A

Hemopoietic System

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19
Q

A condition resulting from the destruction of red blood cells.

A

Hemolytic Anemia

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20
Q

Large, abnormal lymphocytes characteristic of Hodgkin Lymphoma.

A

Reed-Sternberg Cells

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21
Q

Infections that occur more frequently in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as HIV patients.

A

Opportunistic Infections

22
Q

Enlargement of the spleen, commonly associated with leukemia.

A

Splenomegaly

23
Q

A treatment method for leukemia and other blood-related disorders.

A

Bone Marrow Transplant

24
Q

Treatment using radiation, used in cancers like Hodgkin lymphoma.

A

Radiation Therapy

25
Q

What is hemoglobin?

A

protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body.

26
Q

An organ involved in the production and removal of blood cells, commonly affected in leukemia.

A

Spleen

27
Q

A condition in which the blood lacks enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen.

A

Anemia

28
Q

A condition characterized by elevated calcium levels in the blood, common in multiple myeloma.

A

Hypercalcemia

29
Q

The presence of excess proteins in the urine, often linked to multiple myeloma.

A

Proteinuria

30
Q

Discrete osteolytic regions in bones seen in multiple myeloma patients.

A

Punched-out Lesions

31
Q

A bacterial infection that affects the lungs and is commonly seen in HIV patients.

A

Tuberculosis (TB)

32
Q

Small multifocal lung infiltrates seen in early-stage HIV-associated pneumonia.

A

Ground Glass Lesions

33
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

34
Q

HIV

A

Human Immunodeficiency Virus,

35
Q

A virus that can cause infections in immunocompromised individuals, including HIV patients.

A

Cytomegalovirus

36
Q

Swelling of the lymph nodes, often seen in infections or cancers like lymphoma.

A

Lymphadenopathy

37
Q

A type of white blood cell involved in the immune response, affected in multiple myeloma.

A

B-Cells

38
Q

What are T-cells?

A

A type of white blood cell involved in immune response, targeted by HIV.

39
Q

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells, used in treatment for diseases like lymphoma.

A

Monoclonal Antibodies

40
Q

A subtype of white blood cells, involved in fighting infections, abnormal in leukemia patients.

A

Lymphocytes

41
Q

What is hematopoiesis?

A

process of blood cell formation

42
Q

An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, common in HIV and IV drug users.

A

Pneumonia

43
Q

A complete or partial collapse of a lung or a section (lobe) of a lung.

A

Atelectasis

44
Q

Pneumonia resulting from blocked airways, often due to cancer or infection.

A

Postobstruction Pneumonia

45
Q

A type of inheritance pattern where two copies of an abnormal gene must be present to develop a disease.

A

Autosomal Recessive Disorder

46
Q

The removal or depletion of oxygen, which causes cells to become sickle-shaped in sickle cell disease.

A

Deoxygenation

47
Q

Blockage of blood vessels, leading to tissue damage and pain in sickle cell disease.

A

Vessel Occlusion

48
Q

Pneumonia caused by less common bacteria, viruses, or fungi, often seen in sickle cell patients.

A

Atypical Pneumonia

49
Q

A condition where red blood cells are destroyed faster than they are produced, leading to anemia.

A

Chronic Hemolytic Anemia

50
Q

Bone fractures that occur due to disease, such as in multiple myeloma.

A

Pathologic Fractures

51
Q

The presence of excess proteins in urine, a common sign of renal damage in multiple myeloma.

A

Proteinuria

52
Q

A fungal infection of the lungs common in immunocompromised individuals, especially those with AIDS.

A

Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia

RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY (13 decks)

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