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reproductive path Flashcards

1
Q

XXY

A

kleinfelter’s

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2
Q

signs of kleinfelter’s

A

testicular atrophy, eunichoid body shape, tall, long extremities, female hair distribution - developmental delay

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3
Q

XO

A

turner’s syndrome

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4
Q

signs of turner’s

A

short, streak ovary, sheild chest, bicuspid aortic valve, webbing of neck,

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5
Q

heart defect in turner’s

A

infantile coarctation

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6
Q

causes menopause before menarche

A

turner’s

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7
Q

XYY signs

A

phenotyically normal, very tall with severe acne, possibly anti social or autistic

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8
Q

causes female pseudohermaphrodites

A

excessive and innapropriate esposure to andorgens during early gestation

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9
Q

causes male pseudohermaphrodites

A

androgen insensitivity syndrome

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10
Q

47, XXY

A

true hermaphrodism

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11
Q

signs of androgen insenstivity

A

female external genetalia with rudimentary vagina. No internal genetalia, streak testes (must be removed) high testosterone, estogen and LH

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12
Q

signs of 5a reductase deficiency

A

males - ambiguois genetalia at puberty, then testosterone casues masculizination normal internal genetalia

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13
Q

kallman syndrome

A

anosima, lack of 2ndary sexual chaeracteristics,

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14
Q

causes kallman

A

defective migration of GnRH cells, no GnRH in hypothalmis. all hormones, testosterone and sperm count are low

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15
Q

complete mole chromosomes

A

46 XX/XY

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16
Q

partial mole chromosomes

A

69 XXX/XXY/XYY

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17
Q

mole with very high HCG

A

complete

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18
Q

mole that can covert to choriocarcinoma

A

partial

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19
Q

mole with fetal parts

A

partial

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20
Q

high risk of cancer with this mole

A

complete

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21
Q

cluster of grapes

A

complete mole

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22
Q

snowstorm on sonogram mole

A

partial

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23
Q

tx for mole

A

D and C + methotrexate with monitoring of hGC

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24
Q

what makes preeclampsia into eclampsia

A

precense of seizures

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25
preclampsia before 20 weeks may be
mole
26
HELLP syndrome
hemolysis, liver failure with eclampsia
27
risk factors for preeclampsia
hypertension, diabetes, chronic renal dx, autoimmune disorders
28
sx of preeclampsia
headache, blurred vision, edema of face and extremities, hyperreflexia
29
risks of placental abrubtion
smoking hypertension, cocaine use
30
signs of placental abruption
painful abrubt bleeding in 3rd trimester
31
placenta previa
attachment of pacenta to lower uterus and os
32
sx of placenta previa
painless bleeding at anytime
33
risk for ectopic
hx of infertility, PID, ruptured appendix, prior tubal surgery
34
can casue polyhydromanios
espohageal/duodenal atresia (cant swallow fluid)
35
can cause oligohydraminios
fetal kidney/ureter defect
36
virus causing cervical carcinoma
HPV 16/18 (16 - inhibits p53/18 inibits RB)
37
tx for endometriosis
OCP, NSAIDS, leuporolide, danazol
38
endometrium within myometrium
adenomyosis (tx with hysterectomy)
39
postmenopausal vaginal bleeding
endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma
40
most common tumor in females
leiomyoma
41
beginin endometrial smooth muscle tumor
leiomyoma
42
cancerous myometrial tumor
leiomyosarcoma (very agressive)
43
hormone findings in premature ovarian failure
low estrogen, high LH/FSH
44
most common causes of lack of ovulation
pregnancy, PCOS, obesity, HPO axis abmormalities, premature ovarian failure, cushings, adrenal falure, thyroid/easting disorders,
45
risks for PCOS
insulin resistance, obesity
46
tx for PCOS
low dose OCPs, spirolactone, clomiphine, metformin
47
chocolate cyst
endometriosis
48
most common ovarian mass in young women
follicular cyst
49
most common ovarian tumor in adolecents
germ cell tumors
50
ovarian tumor associated with Turner's syndrome
dysgerminoma
51
aggressive ovarian tumor in young girls
yolk sac tumor
52
yolk sac tumor marker
AFP
53
aggresivly malignant tetroma
immature tetroma
54
general ovarian cancer marker
CA-125
55
genetic risk factors for ovarian cancer
BRCA, HNPCC, family hx
56
most common benign ovarian tumor
serous cystademoma
57
most common malignant ovarian tumor
serous cystenadocarcinoma (often bilateral)
58
ovarian tumor that can cause precocious puberty
granulosa cell tumor
59
vaginal tumor in kids
sarcoma botryodies
60
most common breast tumor in young women
fibroademma
61
small, mobile firm mass that is sensitive to menstrual cycle
fibroademoma
62
benign tumor with slight risk for carcinoma
intraductal papilloma
63
serous or bloody discharge in benign tumor
intraductal papilloma
64
most important prognostic indicator in breast cancer
axilary node involbement
65
risk factors in breast cancer
family hx, obesity, early menarche, late first birth
66
ductal cancer with caseous necrosis
comedocarcinoma
67
firm, fibrous, rock-hard cancer with glandularcells
invasive ductal cancer
68
worst, most common brest cancer
invasive ductal
69
breast cancer with orderly rows of cells
invasive lobular
70
best prognosis in breast cancer
medullary
71
peau d;orange type breast cancer
inflammaroty
72
fibrocystic dx with risk of developing cancer
epithelial hyperplasia
73
can cause gynomastia in males
hyperestrogenism (cirrosis, testicular tumor, puberty, old age), drugs( estrogen, pot, spirolactone, digitalis, alchohol, ketoconazole)
74
tx for BPH
terazosin, tamulosin, finesteride
75
where prostate cancer develops
posterior lobe
76
tumor markers for prostate cancer
PSA and PAP
77
signs of metastatic prostate cancer
lower back pain, high PSA and alkaline phosphatase
78
side usually getting varicoele
left (from resitance to flow of the renal vein)
79
testicular cancer that produces HCG
choriocarcinoma
80
painful testicular cancer with poor prognosis
embryonal
81
testicular cancer that produces HCG and SFP
embryonal
82
testicular cancer that metastizes to lungs
choriocarcinoma
83
most common testicuar cancer in young makes
seminoma
84
seminoma tumor marker
PLAP

Step 1 - Path (12 decks)

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