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Step 1 - Path > GI path > Flashcards

GI path Flashcards

1
Q

most common salivary gland tumor type

A

pleomorphic adenoma

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2
Q

most common salivary gland tumor location

A

parotid

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3
Q

most common cancerous salivary gland tumor

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

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4
Q

casues achalsia

A

failure of relaxation of the LES due to loss of myenteric plexus

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5
Q

sx of achalasia

A

progessive dysphasia to solids AND liquids

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6
Q

can cause 2ndary achalasia

A

chagas dx and scleroderma

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7
Q

boerhaave syndrome

A

transmural esophageal rupture due to violent retching

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8
Q

can cause esophageal strictures

A

lye and acid reflux

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9
Q

plummer vinson syndrome triad

A

dysphagia (esophageal webs)
glossitis
iron deficiency anemia

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10
Q

early childhood malasborption with neuro sx

A

abetalipoproteniemia

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11
Q

HLA in celiac sprue

A

HLA DQ2/8

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12
Q

extra intestinal manifestations of celiac

A

dermitidis herptefidormis and T cell lymphoma in skins

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13
Q

can cause 2ndary gastricis

A 
burns (curling's)
brain injury (cushing's)
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14
Q

ulcer with greater pain after meals

A

gastric

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15
Q

nearly 100% assiciated with H pylori

A

duodenal ulcer

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16
Q

more likely ulcer to perforate

A

duodenal

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17
Q

ulcer on less curvature bleeds from

A

left gastric artery

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18
Q

ulcer on posterior wall of duodenum bleeds from

A

gastroduodenal artery

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19
Q

extraintestinal manifestations of crohn’s

A

migratory polyartheritis, erythema nodusum, spondy, eveitis, kidney stones

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20
Q

extra-intestinal manifesations of ulcerative colitis

A

pyoderma gangrenosum, andy, uvetits, cholangitis

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21
Q

tx for chron’s

A

immunosuppressents

22
Q

tx for ulcertive colitis

A

sulfasalazine, 6-MP, infliximab, colectomy

23
Q

colonic polyps more likely to be benign

A

tubular

24
Q

precancerous polyps

A

adeomatous

25
Q

ascending colon cancer presentation

A

iron def anemia, weight loss

26
Q

decending colon cancer presentation

A

toothpaste stool, bloody stool, colicy pain

27
Q

tumor marker for colorectal cancer recurrence

A

CEA

28
Q

order of gene events in colon cancer (APC/beta-catenin - most common)

A

AK-53 (loss of APC –> K-ras mutation –> loss of P53)

29
Q

sx of carcinoid syndome (tumors of neuroendocrine cells outside of GI system)

A

wheezing, RH heart murmurs, diarrhea, flushing

30
Q

why do neurocrine tumors IN GI not show carcinoid syndrome

A

liver metabolizes secreted 5-HT

31
Q

elevated ALT > elevated AST

A

viral hep

32
Q

elevated ATS > ALT

A

EtHO ism

33
Q

high ALP indicates

A

obstructive liver dx, bone disease, bile duct dx

34
Q

elevated GGT

A

liver and biliarydx, but NOT bone dx

35
Q

elevated in acute pancreatitis

A

lipase (more specific) amylase

36
Q

high a-fetpprotein with liver sx

A

hepatocarcinoma

37
Q

don’t EVER biopsy a

A

cavernous hemangioma

38
Q

liver can be from OCP or steroids

A

hepatic adema

39
Q

can caus angiosarcoma

A

arsenic and PVC

40
Q

occlusion of IVC or hepatic veins with centrilobar congestion and necrosis - leading to congetsive liver dx

A

Budd-Chiari

41
Q

signs of Budd-Chiari

A

varices and visibale abdominal and back veins

42
Q

cirrosis and empyshema

A

a1-antitrypsin deficiency

43
Q

high urine bilirubn/low urine urobilonogen

A

hepatocellular, or obstructive jaundice

44
Q

no urine bilirubin and high urine urobilinogen

A

indirect jaundice

45
Q

mild jauncide with stress and fasting

A

Gilbert’s

46
Q

severe earlylife jaundice with bilirubin depo in brain

A

crigler-najjar syndrome (II is less severe - treat with phenobarbital)

47
Q

causes crigler-najjar syndrome

A

absent UDP-gluconyl transferase

48
Q

conjugated bilirubin not excreted

A

dubin-johnson

49
Q

radiolucent gallstones

A

cholesterol (most common type)

50
Q

obstructive jaundice with palpable nontender gallbladder

A

Pancreatic cancer (courvoiser’s sign)

Step 1 - Path (12 decks)

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