heme

Question 1

spur cell RBC

Answer 1

liver dx, abetalipoproteinemia

Question 2

basophilic stippling RBC

Answer 2

thalassemias, anemia of chronic dx, lead poisoning

Question 3

bite cell RBC

Answer 3

G6PD defiency

Question 4

elliptocyte RBC

Answer 4

heriditary elliptocytosis

Question 5

macro-ovalocyte RBC

Answer 5

megaloblastic anemia, marrow failure

Question 6

schistocyte, helmet cell

Answer 6

DIC, TTP.HUS, traumatic hemolysis

Question 7

spherocyte RBC

Answer 7

autoimmune hemolysis

Question 8

teardrop RBC

Answer 8

hbone marrow infiltration

Question 9

target cell RBC

Answer 9

hBC dx, asplenia, liver dx, thalessemia

Question 10

heinz bodies

Answer 10

leads to bite cells, G6PD.a-thalessemia can look like heinz bodies

Question 11

howell-jolly bodies

Answer 11

functional hypo/asplenia or naptheline ingestion

Question 12

causes of microcytic anemia

Answer 12

iron deficncy
anemia of chronic dx
thalessemias
Pb 
sideroblastic anemia

Question 13

mauses of normocytic, nonhemolytic anemia

Answer 13

ACD
aplastic anemia
chronic kidney dx

Question 14

casues of normocytic hemolytic anemoa

Answer 14

hereditary spherocytosis
G6PD def
HbC
sickle cell
paroxymal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
autoimmune
infections

Question 15

causes of macrocytic magaloblastic anemia

Answer 15

folate deficiency
B12 deficency
orotic aciduria

Question 16

casues of amcrocytic non-megaloblastic anemia

Answer 16

liver dx
EtOHism
reticulolytosis

Question 17

defect in alpha-thalassemia

Answer 17

no alpha-globulin (more genes effected, worse outcome - 4 is incompatible w/life)

Question 18

B-thalessemia prevelent in

Answer 18

med populations

Question 19

alpha thalesemia prevelent in

Answer 19

cis-asian

trans - afrrican

Question 20

crew-cut skull x-ray and chipmunk facies

Answer 20

B thalissema

Question 21

sx of Pb poisoning

Answer 21

lines on ginginvae and on metaphysis of long bones
encephalopathy and erythrocyte basophilic stippline
sideroblastic anemia
wrist and foot drop

Question 22

tx for lead poisoning

Answer 22

dimercaprol, EDTA

succimer for chelation

Question 23

cause of sideroblastic anemia

Answer 23

hereditary - X linked defect in ALA synthase gene

reversible - alchohol, lead and isonizad

Question 24

tx for sideroblastic anemia

Answer 24

B6

Question 25

lab diff between B6 and B12 def

Answer 25

B12 gas high methylmalonic acid (and neuro sx)

Question 26

can cause folate def

Answer 26

malnutrition

Question 27

tracts that B12 def impacts

Answer 27

posterior columns | lateral corticospinal

Question 28

megaloblastic anemia that cannot be cured with B6/B12

Answer 28

orotic anemia

Question 29

tx for orotic anemia

Answer 29

uridine monophosphatase

Question 30

signs of intravascular hemolysis

Answer 30

low haptoglobin, high LDH, hemoglobin in urine,

Question 31

signs of extravascular hemolysis

Answer 31

high LDH/unconj bili

Question 32

can cause aplastic anemia

Answer 32

radiation, benzene, chloramphenicol, alkalyting agents, antimetabolites B19, EBV, HIV, HCV acute hep

Question 33

hemolytic anemia in newborn

Answer 33

pyruvate kinase deficiency

Question 34

impaird synth of GPI anchor on RBC membrane

Answer 34

parox nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Question 35

spleen effect in sickle cell

Answer 35

autosplenectomy

Question 36

chronic cnemia seen in SLE, CLL and a-methyldopa

Answer 36

warm (IgG agglutinin) autoinmmune hemolytic anemia

Question 37

chronic anemia in a cold, CLL, mycoplasma, and mono

Answer 37

cold (IgM agglutinin) autoinmmune hemolytic anemia

Question 38

RLS in heme formation

Answer 38

glycine+ succinyl CoA + B6 into g-aminovulvenic acid

Question 39

most common porphyria

Answer 39

cutanea tarda

Question 40

sx of acute intermittend porphyria

Answer 40

painful abdomen port-wine urine polyneuropathy psych disturbances

Question 41

normal PT and prolonged PTT

Answer 41

hemophilia A/B

Question 42

prolonged PT and PTT

Answer 42

vit K defiency

Question 43

signs of platelet disorders

Answer 43

mucous membrane bleeding, epistaxis, petechiae, pupura, longbleeding time, low platelet count

Question 44

defect in platelet plug formation

Answer 44

bernard soulier syndrome

Question 45

deficncy of ADAMTS 13

Answer 45

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Question 46

long bleeding time and possible prolonged PTT

Answer 46

vWF deficiency

Question 47

most common inhrited bleeding disorder

Answer 47

von willibrands

Question 48

tx for vWF defic

Answer 48

DDAVP

Question 49

most common cause of hypercoag in whites

Answer 49

factor V leiden

Question 50

venous clots

Answer 50

prothrombin gene mutation

Question 51

risk of thrombotic skin necrosis after admin of warfarin

Answer 51

protein C or S defic

Question 52

indication for packed RBCs

Answer 52

acute blood loss, severe anemia

Question 53

indication for platelets

Answer 53

stop significant bleeding

Question 54

indication for fresh frozen plasma

Answer 54

DIC, cirrohsis, warfarin OD

Question 55

indication ffor crypreciperate

Answer 55

coag factor deficiencies