Reproduction: Female hormone regulation Flashcards
What are the different follicles and oocytes?
Primordial, primary, secondary, tertiary follicle, primary and secondary oocyte
What are the follicle cells? (which ones cover & which ones form corpus luteum)
Granulosa surround ovum, thecal become the corpus luteum
What makes estrogen increase?
The follicular cells produce it as the grow larger.
The corpus luteum produces it to maintain pregnancy at first.
What makes FSH/LH increase?
when estrogen peaks
What makes the endometrium thicker?
increased estrogen
stores glycogen, BV, accumulates water and ions due to increased progesterone
what makes endometrium shed?
decrease of estrogen and progesterone
What do low levels of estrogen do
FSH and LH inhibition is removed
what to med levels of estrogen do
Inhibit FSH, stimulate endometrium
what do high levels of estrogen do
cause LH and FSH to surge causing ovulation
what is meiosis
Cell division to create 4 cells with half the normal # of chromosomes
- Crossing over at phrophase 1, independent assortment at metaphase 1 (genetic variation)
- each new cell is genetically unique
What is mitosis
-2 daughter cells identical (stem cells keeps one so it can keep going in the future).
What are the main things that happen in day 0-7 Menstruation
- Endometrium is shed
- FSH released and stimulates development of multiple ovarian follicles
- Oocyte continues meiosis 1
- follicle cells grow, divide and continue meiosis 1
- estrogen levels begin to increase
What are the main things that happen in the proliferative phase
- oocyte: still meiosis 1
- Follicle: only 1 will continue to develop, tertiary follicle will produce even more estrogen and inhibin
- estrogen levels increase… peak before day 14 which stimulates endometrium growth, med levels inhibit FSH and LF
- endometrium continues to thicken bc of estrogen
What are the main things happening during ovulation
Estrogen peaks causing LH to surge causing ovulation.
the oocyte completes meiosis 1, released from tertiary follicle and swept into uterine tube, if fertilized it’ll go through meiosis 2
-thecal cells remain in ovary secreting estrogen and progesterone (they are the corpus luteum)
What are the main things happening during secretory stage
Corpus luterum maintains endometrium until placenta can.
Hi progesterone + Med. Estrogen stimulate endometrium to store glycogen and grow Blood vessels
Dec progesterone and dec estrogen inhibit FSH and LH so no new follicle can be made and spiral arteries contract so tissues die and are shed if theres no baby
- in the end, FSH inhibition is removed and it increases
