Reproduction Flashcards
Fibrocystic Breast Disease
- Dense and lumpy breast
- Waxes and wanes with menstrual cycles
Intraductal Papilloma (of Breast)
Benign
MC cause of spontaneous nipple discharge BUT it is bloody or serosanguinous
- small tumor of lactiferous ducts usually beneath areola
- in premenopausal women
Endometritis
After giving birth is commonly from Bacteroides (leukocytosis and foul smelling discharge)
During erection, venous blood fills in:
Corpus cavernosa
_______ Passes through Inguinal Canal in Females
Round Ligament
Increased Risk of Leiomyoma in:
Black women
PCOS: LH and FSH
High LH/FSH ratio (LH very high and FSH is low)
Nerves and Vessels in ____________ of Ovary
Suspensory Ligament
______ decrease risk of Non-hereditary Ovarian Cancer
OCPs (fewer ovulatory cycles)
Pseudomyxoma Peritonei
(jelly belly): MC originates from ovary or appendix
VDRL/RPR & FTA-ABS
VDRL/RPR (screening) or FTA-ABS+(confirmatory): Syphilis (treponema)
- Can cause an aneurysm due to vasa vasorum obliteration
Tertiary Syphilis
- Obliterative endarteritis of the vasa vasorum: Aortic aneurysm risk
- Argyll Robertson pupils
- Tabes dorsalis
Homeobox genes
DNA binding transcription factors
Lithium as teratogen
Ebstein anomaly (tricuspid valve abnormality w/ atrialized RV)
If newborn presents with opioid withdrawal symptoms:
(rhinorrhea, diarrhea, seizure, sneezing, tremor, etc.), give a tincture of opium
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Grape-like mass in vagina of child
Lymphogranuloma venerium
- aw/ chlamydia
- Necrotizing granulomatous inflammation of inguinal lymphatics
- Initially painless then later very painful lymph nodes
Drugs causing Erectile Dysfunction
SSRIs and sympathetic blockers (clonidine, methyldopa, and B-blockers)
Aromatase Inhibitors
Exemastane and Anastrozole
- can be used in post-menopausal women for breast cancer
In PCOS Patients that Desire Fertility Use:
Clomiphene (SERM that is an antagonist at estrogen receptors preventing feedback inhibition)
Fibroadenoma (of Breast)
Benign, Small, mobile, firm mass (marble-like)
MC in young (under 35 yrs)
Cellular myxoid stroma around glandular/cystic spaces
- size and pain w/ estrogen
Nipple Retraction due to Invasive Breast Cancer
Infiltration of the suspensory Cooper’s ligament
Comedocarcinoma (Subtype of DCIS)
Solid sheets of pleomorphic high grade cells w/ central necrosis (does not extend beyond ductal basal membrane)
hPL (human placental lactogen)
Increases insulin resistance (stimulates proteolysis and lipolysis, inhibits gluconeogenesis)