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Quick Notes for Step 1 > Psych > Flashcards

Psych Flashcards

1
Q

Hallucinations of recently deceased relatives is:

A

Normal for children

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2
Q

Discontinuation of MAOi (washout period)

A

Give 2 weeks of discontinuing MAOi before giving an SSRI to allow for MAO regeneration to prevent serotonin syndrome

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3
Q

Kleine Levin

A

sleeping beauty syndrome, hypersomnia, hyperphagia, hypersexuality

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4
Q

Kluver Bucy

A

hyperphagia, hypersexuality

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5
Q

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

A
  • Hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, rhabdomyolisis, mental status changes, muscle rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction
  • Antipsychotics that block D2 (dopamine) receptors
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6
Q

Antidepressant Intoxication

A

MC cause of death is arrhythmia (sodium channel inhibition)

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7
Q

Treat Serotonin Syndrome w/

A

Cyproheptadine

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8
Q

Lithium Toxicity

A

w/ thiazide diuretics (not loop), ACE inhibitors, and NSAIDs

  • Increased proximal tubular resorption of Lithium and Sodium
  • Lithium can cause hypothyroidism and nephrogenic DI
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9
Q

TCA Toxicity

A

can cause arrhythmias → treat with NaHCO3

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10
Q

MAO inhibitors used for:

A

atypical depression (mood reactivity) and treatment resistant depression

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11
Q

Schizoaffective DIsorder

A

Psychotic episodes NOT during mood disturbances

- DIFFERENT from bipolar with psychotic symptoms (where psychotic sx only during mood episodes)

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12
Q

Tremors, agitation, anxiety, delirium, psychosis, seizures, tachycardia, palpitations,

A

Alcohol Withdrawal

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13
Q

Tremor, anxiety, perceptual disturbances, insomnia

A

Benzodiazapine Withdrawal

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14
Q

Dilated pupils, yawning, lacrimation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, muscle aches

A

Heroin Withdrawal

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15
Q

Increased appetite, hypersomnia, intense psychomotor retardation, “crash”

A

Cocaine or Amphetamine Withdrawal

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16
Q

Increased appetite, irritable, anxious

A

Nicotine withdrawal

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17
Q

Respiratory and Cardiac depression, miosis, sedation, reduced GI motiliy

A

Opioid intoxication

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18
Q

Low Potency vs High Potency Typical Antipsychotics

A

High: Haloperidol, Fluphenazine, Trifluoperizine
- more extrapyramidal Sx
Low: Thioridazine, Chlorpromazine
- sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and antichol effects

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19
Q

Classical vs Operant Conditioning

A

Classical: involuntary response
Operant: voluntary response

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20
Q

ADHD

A

Before age 12

Tx: methylphenidate (ritalin), amphetamines, atomoxetine

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21
Q

Tourette’s

A

Usually age 7-9 (Onset before age 18 usually)
motor and vocal tics > 1 yr
(coprolalia is if its obscene speech)
- aw/ OCD and ADHD
- Tx: antipsychotics (haloperidol), pimozide

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22
Q

Separation Anxiety Disorder

A

7-9 yrs

SSRIs, or relaxation techniques/behavioral interventions

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23
Q

Rett Disorder

A

Almost exclusively girls (1-4 yrs) [males die in utero]
X-linked
regression and stereotyped hand wringing

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24
Q

Orientation: Order of loss

A

Time then Place then Person

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25
Q

Manic Episode

A

at least 1 week

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26
Q

Hypomania Episode

A

at least 4 consecutive days

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27
Q

Bipolar I

A

1 manic +/- a hypomanic or depressive episode

28
Q

Bipolar II

A

hypomanic + depressive

- use of antidepressants may cause increased mania

29
Q

Cyclothymic Disorder

A

dysthymia + hypomania

at least 2 yrs

30
Q

Dysthymia

A

at least 2 years

31
Q

Major Depressive Disorder

A

at least 2 weeks

32
Q

Sleep in Depression

A

Increased total REM (decreased REM latency)
Early morning awakenings
Less slow wave sleep

33
Q

Postpartum Blues vs Postpartum Depression

A

Blues should resolve within 10 days
PPD lasts over 2 weeks (hopeless, guilty, etc)
[Postpartum psychosis may last 4-6 weeks]

34
Q

Normal Bereavement

A

up to 6-12 months

35
Q

Electroconvulsive Therapy

A

Safe for treating depression in pregnant women

- temporary headache and partial amnesia that resolves in 6 months

36
Q

Risks of Suicide

A

Male, teen or elderly, depression, previous attempt, access to firearms, chronic illness/meds, organized plan, unmarried or no social support

37
Q

Panic Disorder

A

Attack followed by 1 month or more of:

  • persistent concern about additional attacks
  • worry about consequences of attack
  • behavioral changes related to attack
38
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder vs Adjustment Disorder

A

GAD >6 months

Adjustment:

39
Q

Acute Stress Disorder

A

Less than one month

40
Q

PTSD

A

> 1 month

41
Q

Tx: OCD

A

SSRI, Clomipramine

42
Q

Conversion Disorder

A

La belle indifference

sudden loss of sensory or motor function (paralysis, blindness, mutism, seizure) after an acute stressor

43
Q

Personality Disorders

A

A: Eccentric
B: Dramatic
C: Anxious

44
Q

Suboxone= Naloxone + Buprenorphine

A

Naloxone is not active orally (prevents withdrawal if injected)
Buprenorphine: partial agonist

45
Q

Naltrexone

A

Long acting opioid antagonists to prevent relapse once detoxified

46
Q

Disulfiram

A

Inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase –> increasing hangover sx

47
Q

Chlorpromazine: specific side effect

A

corneal deposits

48
Q

Thioridazine: specific side effect

A

retinal deposits

49
Q

Haloperidol, Trifluoperizine, fluphenazine thioridazine, chlorpromazine

A

Typical Antipsychotics (neuroleptics) (block D2 receptors)

50
Q

Olanzapine, Clozapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone

A

Atypical Antipsychotics (block DA and 5HT receptors)

51
Q

Adjuncts for depression

A

Clozapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole

52
Q

Weight gain

A

Olanzapine and Clozapine (also agranulocytosis)

53
Q

Lithium Toxicity

A

Increased with thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors and ARBs

Follows Na+

54
Q

Buspirone

A

5HT1A partial agonist (no sedation, addition, or tolerance)
2 weeks for effect
no interaction with alcohol

55
Q

Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram

A

SSRIs (5HT reuptake inhibitors)

4-8 weeks for effect

56
Q

Venlafaxine and Duloxetine

A

SNRI (5HT and NE reuptake inhibitors)
Venlafaxine: depression, GAD, panic disorders
Duloxetine: depression and also diabetic neuropathy

57
Q

Amitriptyline, nortriptylne, imipramine, desipramine, clomipramine, doxepine, amoxapine

A

TCAs (5HT and NE reuptake inhibitors)

- major depression, OCD (clomipramine), fibromyalgia

58
Q

Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Selegiline

A

MAOi
atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis
- side effect: hypertensive crisis w/ tyramine ingestion
- Contraindicated w/: SSRI, TCA, St Johns Wort, Meperidine, and dextromethorophan to prevent serotonin syndrome

59
Q

Bupropion, Mirtazapine, Trazodone

A

Atypical Antidepressants
Bupropion: also for smoking (increased NE and DA); no sexual side effects
Mirtazapine: helps w/ insomnia (a2-antagonist/ increased NE and 5HT)
Trazodone: insomnia also (blocks 5HT2 and a1-adrenergic receptors); side effect: priapism

60
Q

Aggression, Nystagmus, ataxia, dissociation

A

PCP

61
Q

Visual hallucination, euphoria, tachycardia, panic

A

LSD

62
Q

Chest pain, seizures, mydriasis, agitation, euphoria

A

Cocaine

63
Q

Conjunctival injection, increased appetite, tachycardia, dry mouth,

A

Marijuana

64
Q

Tooth decay, violent, psychosis, diaphoresis

A

Methamphetamine

65
Q

Tx for TCA Overdose

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

- corrects cardiac problems caused by TCAs

66
Q

6 Year Olds idea of Death

A
  • typically understand the finality of death
    [Infants have no understanding, whereas preschool age children often think of deaths in reversible or metaphorical terms]
67
Q

Tx of Acute Anxiety

A

Benzodiazepines (including alprazolam aka Xanax) are effective at treating anxiety conditions
- use should be limited to bridge therapy awaiting the efficacy of safer less habit-forming maintenance medications like SSRIs and buspirone

Quick Notes for Step 1 (18 decks)

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