Reproduction

Question 1

Male development

Answer 1

SRY gene causes Mullein-inhibiting hormone and the testosterone retains wolffian ducts

Question 2

Leydig cells

Answer 2

Respond to LH to make testosterone

Question 3

Sertoli cells

Answer 3

Line the seminiferous tubules and support development when FSH is releases
secretes androgen binding protein to keep androgens high, Lumenal fluid
also secrets inhibin to feedback on FSH (direct)

Question 4

Sperm path

Answer 4

seminiferous tubes, rete testis, efferent ductules, exit testis, epididymis, vas deferens

Question 5

Seminal vesicles

Answer 5

70% of semen, fructose, enzymes, alkaline

Question 6

Prostate

Answer 6

23-30% of semen, citrate, Zn, prostate specific antigen

Question 7

Bulbourethral glands

Answer 7

secrete lubricant mucus

Question 8

LH feedback

Answer 8

leydig cells produce testosterone which feeds back to pituitary and hypothalamus (GnRH)

Question 9

Sperm structure

Answer 9

Head
acrosome
DNA
Midpiece
Mitochondria, energy
Tail

Question 10

Sperm maturation

Answer 10

remain in seminiferous tubules for 20 days immotile
acquire motility in epididymis
final capacitation in female tract (changes surface membrane receptors)

Question 11

Granulosa cells

Answer 11

first stage in follicle development surrounds ovum
analogous to Sertoli cells respond to FSH

Question 12

Theca cells

Answer 12

some granulosa cells differentiate to become the outside layer

Question 13

ovum movement

Answer 13

Peristaltic for first min
ciliary movements for the rest
takes 4 days

Question 14

ovarian cycle

Answer 14

Follicular before ovulation
luteal after ovulation

Question 15

Corona radiata

Answer 15

Formed from granulosa cells is the closest layer to oocyte during astral phase

Question 16

Cumulus oophorus

Answer 16

more granulosa cells from this bridge

Question 17

LH surge

Answer 17

GnRH causing surge, causes Graafian (mature follicle) to rupture

Question 18

Corpus albicans

Answer 18

scar tissue from corpus luteum degeneration

Question 19

implantation steps

Answer 19

Trophoblast implants and digests endometrial cells for nutrients
also stimulates decimal response to form placenta

Question 20

Chorionic villi

Answer 20

fetal side of placenta

Question 21

lactation inhibition

Answer 21

estrogen and progesterone

Question 22

lactation stimulation

Answer 22

Prolactin, oxytocin, sucking

Question 23

Colostrum

Answer 23

watery milk of mostly proteins for first few days

Question 24

Later milk

Answer 24

more nutrient dense milk for the rest of breast feeding