Neurotransmitters

Question 1

nAChR main effects in CNS and PSN

Answer 1

CNS: reward, and anti-anxiety pathways
PNS: NMJ and ANS (pre synaptic)

Question 2

Alzheimers cause

Answer 2

Loss of cholinergic input from basal forebrain
-formation of beta-amyloid plaques

Question 3

Myasthenia gravis

Answer 3

Reduced nAChR at motor end plate leading to weak muscle contraction (ACh escapes due to small folds)

Question 4

COMT

Answer 4

enzyme that breaks down catecholamines

Question 5

SERT

Answer 5

serotonin reuptake transporter

Question 6

5-HT roles in CNS

Answer 6

sensory and motor function, wakefulness and mood, pain

Question 7

Glutamate receptor structure

Answer 7

Mostly ionotropic and excitatory can lead to LTP

Question 8

Glutamate receptors

Answer 8

AMPA (Na+)
Kainate (Na+)
NMDA (Ca2+) blocked by (Mg2+)

Question 9

GABA neurons

Answer 9

Inhibitory and present on every presynaptic neuron

Question 10

GABAa

Answer 10

ionotropic receptor causing Cl- influx and hyperpolization

Question 11

GABAb

Answer 11

metabotropic still inhibitory

Question 12

Glycine receptor

Answer 12

inhibitory ionotropic Cl- channel mainly in spinal cord and brainstem

Question 13

Glycine and glutamate

Answer 13

Glycine is a co-agonist for NMDA receptor (some excitatory effect)

Question 14

endogenous opioids

Answer 14

regulate pain suppression

Question 15

neuropeptides

Answer 15

co factors that modulate responses to other NT

Question 16

Substance P

Answer 16

cause Pain sensation