Gastrointestinal

Question 1

Digestive tract vs accessory

Answer 1

Digestive tract is anything that contains the food (tubes)

Question 2

Intestinal layers

Answer 2

Mucosa
Mucosal epithelium
Lamina propria
Submucosa
Submucosal plexus
Muscular layer
Myenteric plexus
Serosa

Question 3

intestine epithelium

Answer 3

stomach, and intestines have simple columnar cells

Question 4

Plicae circulares

Answer 4

circular folds from the mucosa layer

Question 5

lamina propria

Answer 5

part of the mucosa, contains BV, nerves, SM and lymphatic vessels

Question 6

Muscular mucosae

Answer 6

SM within the mucosa

Question 7

Submucosa

Answer 7

Larger blood vessel and lymphatics
Submucosal neural plexus

Question 8

Serosa layer

Answer 8

Only within the peritoneal cavity (not in the pharynx, esophagus or rectum they have adventitia)

Question 9

Oral vestibule

Answer 9

Are between lips/cheeks and teeth

Question 10

Parotid gland

Answer 10

back of mouth 25% watery

Question 11

Sublingual

Answer 11

undergoing 5% mucus
has many ducts to under the tongue

Question 12

Submandibular

Answer 12

70% both

Question 13

Esophageal hiatus

Answer 13

hole to pass through diaphragm

Question 14

Esophagus wall

Answer 14

Mucosa (nonkeratnized squamous)
Submucosa (large folds for expansion) has simple branched mucus glands
muscular mucosae, very thin near pharynx then thickens
Surrounded by fibres adevntitia

Question 15

Stomach structure

Answer 15

Fundus (top)
Cardia (entrance)
Body
pyloric
lesser curvature (liver to stomach)
greater curvature (stomach to fat pouch curtain
Omenta (tissue connecting curvature to other parts

Question 16

Stomach innervation

Answer 16

Vagus nerve (para) tiggered by sight or smell
Celiac plexus (sympathetic)

Question 17

Mucous surface cells

Answer 17

All around to protect stomach lining

Question 18

mucous neck cells

Answer 18

Around ducts of gastric pits, mucus to lubricate food

Question 19

Parietal cells

Answer 19

Intrinsic factor for B12
Hydrochloric acid

Question 20

Chief cells

Answer 20

Pepsinogen->pepsin
babies also rennin and gastric lipase (milk digestion)

Question 21

enteroendocrine cells (EEC)(G cells)

Answer 21

Gastrin to stimulate other glands

Question 22

Gastric pits

Answer 22

contain glands in cells are branched columnar glands

Question 23

intestine parts

Answer 23

Duodenum
jejunum
ilium

Question 24

Paneth cells

Answer 24

located in intestinal crypts and help innate immunity

Question 25

Lacteals

Answer 25

Within each villus part of lymphatic to absorb larger bits.

Question 26

Duodenal submucosal glands

Answer 26

large amounts of mucus to acts as chyme buffer and lower pH

Question 27

aggregated lymphoid nodules

Answer 27

within the ileum the peyers patches

Question 28

Large intestine sections

Answer 28

Cecum, colon, rectum

Question 29

Colon sections

Answer 29

ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid

Question 30

large intestine function

Answer 30

Reabsorption of water and vitamins

Question 31

Appendix tissue

Answer 31

is lymphatic tissue