Repro 4 Flashcards
how many couples in the uk require ix for infertility
1/6
assess ovarian reserve
antral follicle count
AMH
coasting is what
treatment for OHSS
stop gonadotrophins
success rate for IVF
35%
1s trim ends
2nd trim ends
3rd trim ends
12 weeks
28 weeks
40 weeks
complete mole has how much of a risk for becoming choriocarcinoma
2.5%
lactobacillus sp in healthy vagina
what does it produce and why
lactic acid +/- hydrogen peroxide
suppress growth of other bacteria
tayside syphylis screening
if pos
IgG and IgM
if positive then VDRL and TPPA and IgM ELISA fro HIV as well
episode of PID can what
increase the risk of chlamydia by 10
increase in maternal age can increase the risk of the baby having what
downs
most common cancer in women under 35
cervical cancer
do people who have had the HPV vaccine still need to go for smears and why
y
HPV vaccine doesn’t protect against 30% cevical cancers
primary action of depo
inhibits ovulation
primary action of IUD
prevention of fertilisation
primary action IUS
effect on implantation
primary action of implant
inhibits ovulation
primary action of CHC
inhibits ovulation via the action on the hypo-pit-ovarian axis leading to decreased levels of FSH/LH
migraine with aura increases the risk of what when on the CHC
iscaehmic stroke
cocp and risk of cervical cancer
increase the risk
but risk reduces to baseline 10y after stopping
primary mechanism for POP
thickening of cervical mucous
etonorgestrol - suppresss ovulation in up to 97% of cycles
secondary mechanism of POP
supression in over 60% ovulation by levongesterol
decreases endometrial receptivity to blastocyte
decreases cilia activity in the fallopian tubes
monochorionic
shared placenta
monozygous
same egg
monochorionic and monozygous twins at a high risk of what
of preg cx
IUGR
<10th centile
commonest cause of iatrogenic prem
PET
which htn drugs can be breast fed with
all of them in preg
methyldopa
alpha agonost
labetalol
and and beta antagonist
hydrazine
vasodilator
nifedipine
CCB
oliguria in how many px after delivery
30%
no treatment necessary
risk factors for PET
75mg aspirin daily
start before 12 w
chronic essential htn present when
at booking or <20w
gestation htn dx when
new htn >20w with no signify proteinuria
<140/90 in preg
<130/90
consider reducing dose
reduce dose
neonatal hypoglycaemia
risk of cerebral palsy
polycythaemia
risk of IUD
preg increases what factors and decreases what
increases 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, fibrinogen, increased platelets
decreases in 2 and antithrombin 3
is warfarin okay in bf
y
where is the lamboid sututre
near the occipital bone
mathew duncan
schultz
marginal placental seperation - commonest
separation from central aspect
se of oxybutinin
dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, solmenance
overflow incontincance stop what
antocholinergics
uterine descent
first degree - in vagina
2nd at interiotus (vaginal orifice)
3rd outside vagina
procidenta
examination of the newborn done when
at 24 hours (72h?)
can heparin cross placenta
no its a large molecular weight molecule
half the deaths of childhood occur when and why
in first year of childs life
strong assoc w preterm delivery and low birth weight
interval of <6m between preg can what
increase risk for preterm
what can overinflation of lungs in a preterm baby do
inflam - long term morbidity because they r v fragile
x linked DMD chance of child getting it
1/4
1/2 if know baby is boy
SSRIs can what
increase FSH/LH
mennorhagia treatment
NSAIDs - mefenamic acid
tranexomic acid
progesterone, IUS, ablation, hysterectomy
mefenamic acid works how
decreases blood supply to uterus
tranexamic acid
anti fibrinolytic
where is AFP made
in foetal liver crosses placenta into mums blood
what causes a high aFP
spina bifida, gastrorchisis
ideal site for anti D
deltoid muscle
when should tamoxifen be stopped
3m before preg
oxybutinin risk
double risk for alzheimers
confusion
dont give to anyone with memory problems
how long after a miscarriage can someone start trying to get pregnant again
after a period
menstruation usually starts when
11-15
imperforate hymen treatment
cx
cruciate incision
can lead to infertility and chronic pelvic pain
preterm labour/prom
erythromycin 250mg qds for 10d
age till u can get IVF
42
candida ix
HVS
prostitis is what
rare cx of UTI in men
what should be checked for as well in prostitis
chlamydia and gon in px <35
primary sites of infection of gon
mucous membrane of urethra
endocervix
rectum
pharynx
gon is resistant to what
penicillins, tetracyclines, quinolone, most oral cephalosporina
commonest bacteria STI
chlamydia
chlamydia swab
VVS
commonest viral STI
warts HPV
non enclosed C corohedral virus contains double stranded DNA
HPV
frothy discharge and must smell
tracho vag
hiv infection establishes within
3 days
ophthalmic screenin why in hiv px
CD <50
cytomegalovirus
karposkis
human herpes virus 8
karposkis more common in
MSM
3rd gen detect what
ABs
IgG/IgM
DCIS involving lobular
involving skin
cancerisation
pagets
commonest female cancer
how many will develop
breast
1/8
ducts ectasia effects what
subareaolar ducts
