Q Flashcards
idiopathic intracranial hypertension (benign intracranial hypertension) symptoms
who
aggravated by what
headache
young females. obese
coughing/strainign
space occu[ying lesions headache
contant
progressively worsening headache
women os child bearing age and acute onset abdominal pain +/- vom
UPT
how much body iron is present in hb
60-70%
iron in veg foods
poorly absorbed
serum iron does what
fluctuates
not in isolation a reliable indicator of iron supply to tissues
what should transferrin sats be above to maintain normal erythropoiesis
> 50%
acute stress disorder within how long of event
1m
first line in anxiety
SSRIs
sertaline
thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura
symp
cause
ix
renal failure, fever, thrombocytopenia, neuro dysfunction, haemolysis
preg known cause
urine bHCG in women
idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura difference
ix
no renal failure
no haemolyiss
anti platelet AB test
triptans are what
5HT1 agonists
remission of migraines is common when
in preg
who do migraines occur in
<30s
when should clozapine be rpescribed in schiz
after 2 antipsychotics have been tried
vulval malig which is the commonest who symp ix rx
squamous >60s vulval discomfort and itching associated with growth biopsy vulvectomy
cx of untreated subdural haemorrhage
recurrent haemorrhage
axonal tearing happens when
rapid displacement of the head and brain
takayusi’s arthritis in who
what
young women
pulsless disease
ophthalmic artery isa branch from what
internal carotid artery
left hemisphere lessons causes the head to turn which way
left brianstem lesion
left
right
spastic paraparesis is what
cause of this in young women
UMN weakness of both legs
MS
iron defic treatment
ferrous sulphate 200mg three times daily
repeat bloods in 3m
increase in Hb by 1g/dl in a week
risk factors for endometrial cancer
not children
long menopausal life
obesity
unopposed oestrogen therapy
symptoms of endometrial cancer
ix
vaginal bleeding
endometrial biopsy
though block, passivity, manic behaviour
schiz
eosinophilia
hodgkins, hookworm manifestation
what can happen before a seizure
an aura
pernicious anaemia is more common in which kinds of patients
HIV
pernicious anaemia
increased MCV with megaloblasts in marrow
feltys shows what
neutropenia with myeloid hyperplasia
iron defic anaemia shows what
hypochromia, anisocytosis, polikilocytosis
free air on CXR/abd
perforate PU
sickle cell caused by what
HbS abnormal beta chain production
symptoms of sickle cell
splenomegaly in childhood
hyposplenism in adulthood due to infarcts
who is sickle cell common in
blood film
black african individuals
sickle cells/target cells
what can cause wasting of the small muscles of the hand
MND
NF I
neurofibromas in nervous system
cafe au lait spots
von hipper landau disease is what
assoc with what
mutation on tumour suppressor gene on chromosome 3
angiomato, haemangioblastoma, phaemochromocytoma
NF II
bilateral acoustic neuromas
apgar done when
1 min after birth
then 5 mins
apgar
pulse resp effort colour muscle tone (activity) grimace (reflex irritability)
HELLP
Haemolysis
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelets
symptoms of HELLP
malaise, nausia, vommitng, headache, hypertension, proteinuria, epigastric/abd pain
intraheptic cholestasis of preg (obstretric cholestasis)
when
symptoms
rx
3rd trim
pruritus often in palms and soles, no rash, increased bilirubin
ursodeoxycholic acid used for symptomatic relief
women typically induced at 37 weeks
fitz Hugh curtis syndrome
hepatic adhesions
ovarian torsion symptoms
sudden onset
deep seated colicky abd pain
assoc vom and distress
galactocele is what
when
symp
stopped breast feeding
build up of milk
painless no local/systemic signs of infection
when should CTG monitoring be done during labour
suspected chorioamnionitis or sepsis or demo >38 severe htn 160/110 or > oxytocin use presence of significant meconium fresh vaginal bleeding in labour
CTG: brady causes tacky loss of baseline variability early deceleration late decelerations variable deceleration
brady <100
increased fetal vagal tone, maternal BBs
tachy >160
maternal hypoxia, chorioamniocitis, hypoxia, prem
loss of baseline variability <5 beats/min
prem hypoxia
early deceleration - onset of contraction decreases then becomes normal when contraction closes
normal
late deceleration - lags onset of contraction, doesn’t return to normal until 30s after contraction ended
fetal distress due to asphyxia/placental insufficiency
variable deceleration - independant of contractions
cord compression
chorioamniocentesis symp signs
what is it
uterine tenderness and foul smelling discharge
baseline fetal tachy
medical emergency
fibroid red degeneration what is it can happen when symptoms when
fibroids undergo red degeneration during pregnancy
severe pain, vom
1st/2nd trim
pyelonephritis symp
foul smelling discharge
dysuria
lochia is what
bleeding for the first few weeks after birth
normal
can last up to 6 weeks
endometrial cancer prognosis
has a good one
DIC treatment
cryoprecipitate and FFP given first
smear test in pregnancy
if past smears have been normal then wait 12 weeks PP
most common type of ovarian epithelial cell tumour
serous cystoadenoma
LB has what
halucincaitons and parkisnosn symptoms
SSRI discontinuation syndrome
diarrhoea, vom, abd pain
what should be given in depression to px with cardiovascular disease
sertaline
SSRI and aspirin
add a PPI such as lansoprazole
schiz epidemiology monozygous twin parent sibling no relatives
50%
10-15%
10%
1%
BZD withdrawal syndrome when
symp
can occur up to 3 weeks after stopping the drug
insomnia, irratibility, anxiety, tremor, loss of appetite, tinnitus, perspiration, perceptual disturbances, seizures
poor prognostic factors for schiz
strong FH gradual onset low IQ premorbid history of social withdrawal lack of obv precipitate
first line in panic disorders
if contra indicated or no response in 12 weeks
SSRIs - sertaline
imipramine, clomipramine
alcohol withdrawel symp
seizures
delirium tremers
6-12h
36h
72h
which TCA should be avoided in depression
dosulepin - dangerous in overdose
TCAs and dementia
worsening cognitive impairment
methylphenidate is used in what
what needs to monitored with this drug
ADHD
growth
SSRI in adolescents
fluoxetine
anti psychotics in elderly increases the risk of what
VTE and stroke
mirtazapine
increases appetite
drowsiness
atypical antipsychotics cause what
weight gain
MMSE cut offs
21-26/30 mild dementia
10-20 mod
10 severe
schiz
olanzapine
opiod withdrawel
dilated pupils
yawning
rhinorrhea
lactorrhoea
opiod intoxication
pin point pupils, pallor, resp depression, pulmonary oedema
alcohol withdrawel treatment
chlordiazepoxide
schillings test done when
to differentiate between pernicious anaemia and small bowel disease
if neg both times (after B12 and IF) then small bowel disease
HbS
tendency to become rigid and sickle
occlusion of small vesicles
IF produced by what
binds what
stomach parietal cells
binds vit B12
pernicious anaemia
AB against gastric parietal cells
ALL increased what
who
risk w rx
lymphocytes
children 15-25 or >75
rumour lysis syndrome
AML peak onset
rare
what
70s
rare in <20s
auer rods
CLL is what
who
monoclonal malignancy leading to functionally incompetent lymphocytes
CML malig of
granulocytes
hodgkins
clonal expansion of B and T white blood cells
